Vol 18, No 4 (2013)

An epidemiological analysis of population infectious diseases morbidity in the Perm Krai in the past 10 years is presented. There are shown achievements, results of the own research, the main problems and strategies for preventing anthroponoses with an aerosol, fecal-oral transmission and blood-borne pathogen mechanisms and the natural focal infections.

An open, randomized clinical study in two groups of reconvalescents of tick-borne encephalitis suffered from postencefalitic somatogenetic asthenia. The first group was consisted of 14 patients who received adamantane derivatives - ladasten at a daily dose of 100 mg for 25 days. The second comparison group included 18 convalescents who were followed up without an prescription of Ladasten. Before and after treatment, the examination with the use of a Visual Analogue Scale fatigue, scale of subjective evaluation fatigue - Multidimensional Fatigue Inventory (MFI-20), Beck Depression Inventory, D. Spielberger's test (State-Trate-Anxiety-Inventory (STAI)), adapted for Russia by Yu. L. Khanin, a questionnaire for detection signs of autonomic changes. After receiving ladasten patients showed significant dynamics of the drop in scores accordingly to visual analogue scale fatigue by 2.5 times as opposed to those in the second group, where the fall was only by 1.4 times. In the first group there were also significant fall in scores of all scales MFI-20 (p = 0.0001), Beck Depression Scale (p = 0.001), Spielberger-Khanin test (p = 0.002) and the questionnaire for evidence of autonomic changes (p = 0.001). The obtained data suggest that Ladasten at a daily dose of 100 mg is highly effective drug with antifatigue, anxiolytic and vegetostabilizing effects and can be recommended in rehabilitation period to patients after the tick-borne encephalitis with manifestations of postencefalitic somatogenetic asthenia.

Currently registration of community-acquired pneumonia and purulent meningitis caused by S. rneumoniae patients in HIV-positive patientsis is not carried out, there is absent the description of the clinical symptom complex. In this regard, the purpose of the work was the detection of the features of the course of pneumococcal infection with the lesion of the respiratory and nervous systems in HIV infection. A clinical and laboratory examination of 110 HIV-positive patients with community-acquired bacterialpneumonias andpurulent meningitises was performed. Community-acquiredpneumonia fulminates with the massive damage of the lung tissue, the presence ofpleural effusion, the early development of respiratory failure, decreased SaO2<92%, frequent complications and fatal outcomes. CNS pathology ofpneumococcal etiology in HIV-positive patients is manifested by the development of purulent meningitises and meningoencephalitises having a severe progressing course and high mortality. The lesion of the respiratory and the nervous systems caused by S. pneumoniae in HIV infection is observed at the 4A and 4B stages of the disease, in the absence of a critical reduction indicators CD4 lymphocytes.

A comparative evaluation of the reactogenicity and preventive efficacy of the use of Prevnar Pneumococcal 7-valent conjugate vaccine in healthy (N=95) and frequently ill children (N=30) has been performed. Under administration Vaccine was characterized by low reactogenicity and high prevention efficacy. Index of prophylactic efficacy among long-term and frequently ill children was 46.0 that’s 6 times higher than among healthy vaccinated children - 7.55.

The article presents the characteristic of laboratory test results on micromycetes of objects of the environment in the medical infectious institution. 76 samples were investigated. The high micromycetes contamination level of the hospital premises was found, positive samples accounted for 97,36%. In the etiological structure of micromycetes mold fungi prevailed. The most unfavourable premises of the hospital on micromycetes dissemination were twenty-four hour stay wards and the procedure unit.

The effectiveness of domestic preparation Phosphazide was proved during the performance of the retrospective analysis of a clinical case of monotherapy in a 28-year-old female with HIV infection. Phosphazide was prescribed after the achievement of virological and immunological effect of combined schedules of antiretroviral therapy. The dynamics of CD4 lymphocytes, plasma HIV RNA [viral load test (VL)] were followed up every 3 months for 372 weeks. The persistent decline in VL and keeping it at the level less than 3,79 log10 in combination with a positive clinical effect - the lack both of symptoms of progression of HIV infection and the development of opportunistic infections, stable level of CD4-lymphocytes> 500 cells/mcl can be considered as a positive result of monotherapy with Phosphazide.

The article presents the results of the open comparative randomized clinical study performed in children aged 3 to 17 years which were immunized with the Russian vaccine «EnceVir»® possessing the reduced antigenic load accordingly to emergency vaccination protocol. The aim of the study was to assess reactogenicity, safety and immunogenicity of the vaccine. The vaccine is characterized by a low reactogenicity profile, the high profile of safety, adequate immunogenicity, and it is not yielding to foreign vaccine «FSME-Immun Inject / Junior»

During the first year of functioning of the Perinatal center there was detected the sharp increase in the isolation rate of Pseudomonas aeruginosa in infants in resuscitation and intensive care units and related departments of neonatal pathology.