Vol 20, No 2 (2015)

The purpose of the study. The improvement of the diagnosis oftuberculosis in HIV-infected patients on the basis ofa comparative study of tissue reactions of immunecompetent organs in disseminated tuberculosis and changes of the immunological status at different stages of HIV infection. Materials and methods. Pathological studies were performed on autopsy material of 11 cases oftuberculosis with HIV infection, and 6 autopsy observations of HIV infection. Studies of indices of the immunological response was performed in 60 patients with disseminated pulmonary tuberculosis (DPT) agedfrom 18 to 49 years, associated with HIV infection - 30 people (DPT + HIV) - the first group; and DPT without HIV infection - 30 people - the second group. The result of the study Progression of tuberculosis in patients on the background of HIV infection leads to the death both at the early and late stages of HIV infection. Histopathological features of lymphoid tissue response to tubercular process, depending on the stage of HIV infection were revealed. The structure of the granulation tissue of immunocompetent organs forming even at the terminal stage of the course of HIV infection testifies to the presence of residual immunological reserves. Damage to the immune system in tuberculosis and HIV infection has an systemic manifesting by a deep suppression of T- and B- cellular components of the immune system. In the course of HIV infection in patients with disseminated tuberculosis regular there are in process changes of quantitative and qualitative indices of the cellular component of l immunity, humoral immunity, nonspecific protection factors, and the functional activity ofneutrophils. Along with a decline in the number of CD4+ lymphocytes, the serum level of immunoglobulins and circulating immune complexes increases. Immunodeficiency determines a more severe course of tuberculosis. Conclusion The evaluation of the immune status and pathologic response of lymphoid tissue in patients with tuberculosis and HIV infection is needed for the diagnosis of the stage of the process, the choice of the method of the treatment, the estimation of its effectiveness and outcome prediction for the disease

Despite numerous investigations, the problem ofpredicting of efficiency of the antiviral therapy of chronic hepatitis C (CHC) remains to be actual. As recent investigations showed polymorphism of IL-B28 gene in large part determines the achievement of the sustained virological response. In this study in 70 CHC patients there were evaluated factors which influence on the results of the treatment, their occurrence in the population, and the use the control them as a predictor of the efficacy of the therapy. There is considered the possibility of correction of some of them. This allows you to predict the achievement of sustained virological response. There has been confirmed the need for the accounting of IL-B28 gene polymorphism in the relation to the wide spread occurence in the population of normal genotypes in loci Rs12979860 and Rs8099917.

Objective To study the etiological structure of the disease in patients with various forms of erysipelas of the lower extremities by using bacteriological method. Materials and methods A total of 50 in-patients with erysipelas of the lower limbs, mainly with bullous hemorrhagic form, were examined. Using bacteriological method we examined blood, smears from the skin in the area of the hearth and bulls punctate. The study demonstrated the preferential identification of staphylococcus, mainly - in smears from the skin, while the informativeness of blood culture and bulls punctate was low. Conclusion The positive results of bacteriological research can serve as an objective criterion of therapy correction based on identified microbes.

Analysis of historical data shows the inextricable link between Military and Tropical Medicine, and the analysis of the political and economic situation - the possibility of conflict in the present and the future. If earlier the main purpose ofthe wars was the territory, now - it is a struggle for resources. In tropical countries the presence of huge mineral resources availability creates a basis for the continuation of the old and the emergence of new centers of military conflicts. The interrelationship between Military and Tropical Medicine is obvious and can receive a new impetus to its development. Military physicians will continue to be at the first turn to fight tropical infections and share their experience in civil medicine

In the work there was performed an analysis of the indices of recorded incidence of rotavirus infection (RVI) in the territory of 40 subjects of the Russian Federation for the period 2008-2012. For the identification of the monthly peak of the incidence there was evaluated the temporal distribution of the relative indices of the RVI incidence within each subject of the observation. There was revealed the independent beginning of the winter-spring seasonal rise of the RVI incidence in three groups of territories of the Russian Federation (1 - Kirov, Kostroma, Nizhny Novgorod region; 2- Republic of Khakassia, Kemerovo region; 3 - Amur region). In the territory of the South and the North Caucasus Federal District (Krasnodarsky and Stavropolsky Krai, Rostov region) there was noted the second, summer-autumn seasonal rise in the RVI incidence. The obtained data provide an overview of the seasonal-geographical distribution of the RVI incidence in the territory of Russia in conditions of the absence of the use of rotavirus vaccines

Great patriotic war was the most essential stage in development of domestic military epidemiology - the stage, characterized by creation of the slender and effective, scientifically reasonable system of the anti-epidemic assurance of troops in accordance with a concretely appearing battle epidemiological situation. In the years of war military epidemiology along with the organizational progress was enriched by new theoretical conceptualization, new different methods of work, that, undoubtedly, provided further development of medical science and the elevation of the level and efficiency of epidemiology work in troops.