Vol 19, No 3 (2014)

The aim of the study: to establish the rate of the vertical transmission of HCV infection and justify the usefulness of the drug a-IFN2b (Viferon®) in children with perinatal infection with hepatitis C virus (HCV) at the early stages of the disease. There were examined 465 children aged 2.5 months to 3 years old (at the time of the enrollment in the study), born to mothers with HCV infection and the frequency of transmission from mother to child was established to be is 7.1% (33 cases). In 54.5% the genotype 1b was recorded, in 3% - 1a, and in 6.0 % - 2 genotype. Viferon® drug in doses of 3х10 6IU/m 2 was introduced to 17 infants aged from 3 to 12 months (duration of the course: 6 months in cases with 3, 2 genotype and 12 months - in patients with genotype 1). The efficacy of therapy was 58.8 % (RNA HCV (-) 10 cases. In prescription the drug to children under 6 months the efficacy was 62.5%, under 6-12 months - 44.4%. In the control group (16patients) spontaneous viral clearance was established to be in 18.7% of cases. The medication did not cause adverse effects and was well tolerated by children. In none out of the 17 children treated with the drug Viferon®, we have not reported adverse events (clinical symptoms, abnormalities in the hemogram and biochemical indices). The obtained data confirm the expediency of the early use of antiviral drug Viferon® in the treatment of children with perinatal HCV. Nо significant difference in the efficacy of therapy in different genotypes of the virus was identified. Virtually in all children (9 out of 10 children) responded to Viferon® therapy, there was noted Sustained Viral Response

Solid sample of 135 patients aged of 15-17 years (54), 18-19 years (18), 20-59 years (63) with enteroviral infection and meningitis was examined. The peak of diseases was observed in July (43 persons), August (46), and September (22). The state of the moderate grade was in all patients. There were compared the frequency and severity of symptoms in individuals older than 20 years and adolescents aged 15-17 years. Initial pleocytosis in CSF - at day 1-3 (4-7th day in case of two-wave current) was less than 100 in 10, from 100 to 1000 in 40, more 1000 cells per 3 mm 3 - in 13 adult patients, including 17 - with a predominance of neutrophils (71 to 93% in cytosis of160-1584 cells per 3 mm 3). Enteroviral RNA in CSF was detected with the use of PCR in 132 patients, including 12 patients with cytosis of 3-28 cells in 3 mm 3. Maximum cytosis was 5952 cells per 3 mm 3 in patient of 17years old. In the peripheral blood of 28 patients there was noted leukocytosis of12,000-18,700 with a shift of the formula to the left. Most patients were discharged at the 9-13th day of the hospital stay. In 45,9% ofpatients the cases registered in Moscow were introduced from other regions and far abroad.

Young people are at high risk for STIs. Along with this, for youth there is typical a low level of knowledge about STIs and prevention of infection. Therefore, an important element of prevention is the informing young people about STIs and their implications for reproductive health. The purpose of the study - to evaluate the prevalence of STIs among young people, who voluntarily turned in a perinatal center for examination after the outreach. A high prevalence of STIs among youth Kursk region was established as in the group with complaints and in cases without them. The first place in the structure of STI is occupied by chlamydial infection (77.5%). The creation and work of centers for the prevention of STIs among young people is a key mechanism in the prevention of disorders of the reproductive function in adolescents.

In the paper there is presented a characteristics of antibiotic-resistant strains of Vibrio cholerae, isolated in the Volgograd region during the period of 1980-2000. There were studied cultural and morphological properties of the isolates, their biochemical activity, resistance to antibiotics of different classes, there was performed the detection of virulence genes and sequences of transmissible SXT-element. There was demonstrated the presence of different types of SXT in the content of the genome of the examined strains - SXT MO10 element with cluster of the antibiotic resistance gene sulII-strB-dfr18, SXT ET element carrying the sequences sulII dfrA1, and not having a resistance gene to aminoglycosides strB, and SXT S element with deleted cluster of antibiotic resistance genes.

The human non-polio enteroviruses (NPEV) are ubiquitous viruses found worldwide. NPEV are etiological agents of various diseases. Traditional method of identification NPEV is the detection of serotype with the use of neutralizing serotype-specific sera. Limiting amount ofproduced horse enteroviruses reference serum is not available for practical diagnostic laboratories. In the paper there are presented the results of the improvement of methods for delivery of diagnostic enteroviral rabbit sera for the reaction of neutralization in amounts sufficient to national health care.

In the article there is presented a brief overview concerning proceedings of RAMS Problem Commission "Arboviruses and other zoonoses viruses" on the theme: "Actual issues of studying of West Nile fever, dengue fever and other tropical imported arboviral infections in the Russian Federation", which was held in Federal State Budgetary Institution "D. I. Ivanovsky Institute of Virology (Russian Federation, Moscow) on 16th of March, 2014.