RESISTANCE OF S. PNEUMONIAE TO ANTIMICROBIAL AGENTS IN ADULTS WITH NOSOCOMIAL PNEUMONIA IN KAZAN BEFORE AND DURING THE COVID-19 PANDEMIC



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Abstract

Objective - To study trends in the frequency of isolation of pneumococcal strains resistant to antimicrobial drugs in adult patients with community-acquired pneumonia in Kazan in 2019-2022.

Methods. A descriptive study of pneumococcal resistance to antibiotics was conducted using material collected at the Laboratory Diagnostic Center of the SAHI «RCIDH». Sputum from adult patients with community-acquired pneumonia received from 11 medical organizations of the city in the period from 2019 to 2022 was examined. Antibiotic resistance was determined by the disk diffusion method and interpreted according to the requirements of the russian guidelines "Determination of the susceptibility of microorganisms to antimicrobial drugs". The frequency of isolation of resistant pneumococcal strains and changes in antibiotic resistance profiles were assessed. A retrospective analysis of bacterial pneumonia incidence in Kazan was conducted for the period 2019-2024.

Results. For the period 2019-2024, the incidence of bacterial community-acquired pneumonia among the adult population of Kazan increased from 76.8 0/0000 (95% CI: 71.3-82.3) in 2019 to 88.3 0/0000 in 2024 (95% CI: 82.4-94.2) (p=0.002). The highest incidence rate was noted in 2024, the minimum in 2021. In general, of all 196 S. pneumoniae isolates studied, the proportion of strains non-susceptible to penicillin was 38.3% (95% CI 31.5-45.1), to erythromycin - 26.0% (95% CI 19.8-32.2), to levofloxacin - 10.7% (95% CI 6.1-15.3), to clindamycin - 16.8% (95% CI 11.5-22.1), to tetracycline - 22.3% (95% CI 14.1-28.5), to co-trimoxazole - 30.8% (95% CI 24.3-37.3).

Conclusion. A high frequency of isolation of pneumococci resistant to the main classes of antibacterial drugs was noted. During the peak of the COVID-19 pandemic (2020-2022), no changes were observed in the frequency of isolation of antibiotic-resistant pneumococcal strains in patients with community-acquired bacterial pneumonia and no changes in their antibiotic resistance profile compared to 2019.

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About the authors

Sergej Semenov

Kazan State Medical University

Author for correspondence.
Email: sergejsemenov596@gmail.com
ORCID iD: 0000-0003-3437-832X
Russian Federation

Gulshat Khasanova

Казанский государственный медицинский университет

Email: gulshatra@mail.ru
ORCID iD: 0000-0002-1733-2576
SPIN-code: 6704-2840
Russian Federation

Elena Yumagulova

Email: Elena.Yumagulova@tatar.ru
ORCID iD: 0000-0003-4012-2371

Marina Belova

Email: marina116bp@yandex.ru
ORCID iD: 0000-0001-9579-3370

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