Хирургическая антисептика рук в Советском Союзе: этапы становления, технические возможности и технологии

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Аннотация

Первые сведения о хирургической антисептике рук в России относятся к XVIII веку и связаны с именем русского врача Даниила Самойловича, который во время эпидемии чумы в Москве предложил при вскрытии чумного бубона обрабатывать руки средством на основе уксуса. В дальнейшем, в конце XIX – начале XX столетия хирургическая антисептика рук в России формировалась под влиянием европейских хирургических школ, хотя и сохраняла свои самобытные черты, обусловленные приоритетностью решения задач военно-полевой хирургии и возможностью использования доступных на практике химических соединений с антисептической активностью.

В советский период методы хирургической антисептики корректировали с учётом рекомендаций отечественных хирургических школ, в том числе в условиях военного времени. Данный этап характеризовался централизацией научных исследований и их обсуждением на уровне профессионального сообщества с последующим внедрением в практику. Важнейшим достижением этого этапа были унификация и упрощение технологий антисептики, обеспечивающих её эффективность в военно-полевых условиях при дефиците времени и ресурсов.

В статье в исторической ретроспективе представлен анализ литературных источников, отражающих динамику развития технологий и средств, применявшихся для хирургической антисептики рук в СССР, за период с 1917 по 1991 год. Показан вклад отечественных учёных в развитии теории и практики хирургической антисептики в нашей стране и их подвижническая роль в обеспечении биобезопасности.

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Евгений Игоревич Сисин

Ханты-Мансийская государственная медицинская академия; Центр гигиены и эпидемиологии в Ханты-Мансийском автономном округе ― Югре

Автор, ответственный за переписку.
Email: evg-sisin1@yandex.ru
ORCID iD: 0000-0001-5003-1110
SPIN-код: 2422-3870

канд. мед. наук, доцент

Россия, Ханты-Мансийск; Ханты-Мансийск

Алла Александровна Голубкова

Центральный научно-исследовательский институт эпидемиологии; Российская медицинская академия непрерывного профессионального образования

Email: allagolubkova@yandex.ru
ORCID iD: 0000-0003-4812-2165
SPIN-код: 6133-2572

д-р мед. наук, профессор

Россия, Москва; Москва

Ирина Ивановна Козлова

Ханты-Мансийская государственная медицинская академия; Центр гигиены и эпидемиологии в Ханты-Мансийском автономном округе ― Югре

Email: epid_fgu3@xmao.su
ORCID iD: 0000-0002-3345-1786
Россия, Ханты-Мансийск; Ханты-Мансийск

Ольга Андреевна Ежова

Департамент здравоохранения Ханты-Мансийского автономного округа ― Югры; Няганская городская поликлиника

Email: epid@inbox.ru
ORCID iD: 0000-0002-4277-5723
SPIN-код: 6612-5090
Россия, Ханты-Мансийск; Нягань

Ксения Ивановна Березикова

Ханты-Мансийская государственная медицинская академия

Email: berezikova_ksenia@mail.ru
ORCID iD: 0009-0001-1380-7423
SPIN-код: 8425-4900
Россия, Ханты-Мансийск

Инна Эдуардовна Горбунова

Ханты-Мансийская государственная медицинская академия

Email: innagorbunova25@gmail.com
ORCID iD: 0009-0007-0978-7822
SPIN-код: 1345-3895
Россия, Ханты-Мансийск

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