The priority of bacteria Staphylococcus spp. in the etiology of purulent septic infections through the prism of new diagnostic capabilities: A literature review

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Abstract

Representatives of the genus Staphylococcus spp. occupy a leading place in the etiology of infections caused by opportunistic bacteria. Staphylococcus spp., being symbionts of humans and/or animals, are constantly located on the surface of the skin and mucous membranes, which are their natural habitats.

The importance of bacteria of the genus Staphylococcus spp. It is determined by their significant distribution in the population, as well as among patients and medical personnel, due to their transient and resident carrier, as well as their high adaptive potential, due to their ability to form biofilms and produce enzymes that provide them with protection from antimicrobial drugs.

Modern molecular genetic methods for identifying Staphylococcus spp. and assessing their epidemic potential allow us to rethink their importance in the etiology of nosocomial purulent septic infections in a new way. It is no coincidence that they entered the group of ESCAPE pathogens with a high level of priority.

The ability of staphylococci to form biofilms ensures their survival in various hospital/environmental facilities, which in the conditions of a medical organization become additional, or so-called “inanimate” sources of infection.

In recent years, despite the increasing role of coagulase-negative staphylococci in the etiology of purulent septic infections, Staphylococcus aureus remains the most significant causative agent of purulent septic infections.

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About the authors

Alexander M. Borisov

Gabrichevsky Research Institute for Epidemiology and Microbiology

Email: simba.key@gmail.com
ORCID iD: 0009-0000-2272-0082
Russian Federation, 10 Admirala Makarova street, 125212 Moscow

Alla A. Golubkova

Central Research Institute of Epidemiology; Russian Medical Academy of Continuing Professional Education

Author for correspondence.
Email: allagolubkova@yandex.ru
ORCID iD: 0000-0003-4812-2165
SPIN-code: 6133-2572

MD, Dr. Sci. (Medicine), Professor

Russian Federation, 125993 Moscow; 111123 Moscow

Tatiana A. Ruzhentsova

Gabrichevsky Research Institute for Epidemiology and Microbiology; Medical University “Reaviz”

Email: ruzhencova@gmail.com
ORCID iD: 0000-0002-6945-2019
SPIN-code: 3685-2618

MD, Dr. Sci. (Medicine), Professor

Russian Federation, 10 Admirala Makarova street, 125212 Moscow; Moscow

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