Email this article Analysis of the gut microbiome of patients with HIV infection using 16S rRNA-sequencing
- Authors: Popova D.M.1,2, Voznesenskiy S.L.1, Petrova E.V.2, Klimkova P.V.2
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Affiliations:
- Peoples’ Friendship University of Russia
- Infectious Diseases Clinical Hospital No 2, Moscow
- Issue: Vol 27, No 3 (2022)
- Pages: 164-174
- Section: ORIGINAL STUDIES
- URL: https://rjeid.com/1560-9529/article/view/109701
- DOI: https://doi.org/10.17816/EID109701
- ID: 109701
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Abstract
BACKGROUND: The microbiota of the gastrointestinal tract is one of the important factors that ensure the normal functioning of the human body. Patients with HIV infection are most susceptible to intestinal infections and changes in the composition of the microbiota, both due to exposure to the virus itself and reduced immunity. This study describes changes in the composition of the intestinal microflora of patients with HIV infection at the stage of secondary diseases, with and without antiretroviral therapy.
AIM: To determine the composition of the gut microbiome in patients with HIV infection on and off antiretroviral therapy using DNA sequencing of the hypervariable regions of the 16S rRNA gene.
MATERIALS AND METHODS: The study analyzed a group of 10 patients with a confirmed diagnosis of HIV infection and diarrheal syndrome. To clarify a possible etiological factor and determine the characteristics of the microbiocenosis of the gastrointestinal tract, stool analysis was performed using the 16S rRNA-sequencing method.
RESULTS: The study revealed significant changes in the composition of the microbiome: depletion of the Bacteroidetes type and increased number of the Proteobacteria type. A statistically significant difference was found in the composition of the types of microbiota in healthy people and patients with HIV infection (p <0.05). The normal flora was represented by only two microorganisms: Bifidobacterium breve and Lactobacillus rhamnosus. Conditionally pathogenic microorganisms were identified, namely, Enterococcus faecium, E. faecalis, Escherichia coli, Klebsiella pneumoniae, Citrobacter freundii, Enterococcus durans, Klebsiella sp., Pantoea agglomerans, K. variicola, E. hirae, E. coli TOP550-1, Clostridioides difficile, and Staphylococcus aureus. These bacteria may be the cause of diarrheal syndrome in patients with HIV infection.
CONCLUSION: In patients with HIV infection, bacterial diversity is reduced, normal flora is depleted, and a specific microbial profile is formed. Several conditionally pathogenic microorganisms can cause diarrhea in patients with HIV infection. Analysis of 16S rRNA-sequencing can be a non-invasive method for diagnosing changes in the composition of the intestinal microflora and clarifying the etiological factor of diarrheal syndrome.
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About the authors
Darya M. Popova
Peoples’ Friendship University of Russia; Infectious Diseases Clinical Hospital No 2, Moscow
Email: popova-d@rudn.ru
ORCID iD: 0000-0002-4056-9192
Russian Federation, Moscow; Moscow
Sergey L. Voznesenskiy
Peoples’ Friendship University of Russia
Author for correspondence.
Email: voznesenskiy-sl@rudn.ru
ORCID iD: 0000-0001-5669-1910
SPIN-code: 4487-6744
MD, Cand. Sci. (Med.), Associate Professor
Russian Federation, MoscowElena V. Petrova
Infectious Diseases Clinical Hospital No 2, Moscow
Email: evi1963@yandex.ru
ORCID iD: 0000-0002-6896-6851
Russian Federation, Moscow
Polina V. Klimkova
Infectious Diseases Clinical Hospital No 2, Moscow
Email: pvk20@mail.ru
ORCID iD: 0000-0001-6046-7815
Russian Federation, Moscow
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