Regulation of retrotransposons in Drosophila melanogaster somatic tissues

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Abstract

Regulation of retrotransposon activity in somatic tissues is a complex mechanism that is still not studied in details. It is strongly believed that siRNA interference is main mechanism of retrotransposon activity regulation outside the gonads, but recently was demonstrated that piRNA interference participates in retrotransposon repression during somatic tissue development. In this work, using RT-PCR, we demonstrated that during ontogenesis piRNA interference determinates retrotransposon expression level on imago stage and retrotransposons demonstrate tissue-specific expression. The major factor of retrotransposon tissue-specific expression is presence of transcription factor binding sites in their regulatory regions.

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About the authors

P. A. Milyaeva

Lomonosov Moscow State University; Shenzhen MSU-BIT University

Email: nefedova@mail.bio.msu.ru

Faculty of Biology

Russian Federation, Moscow, 119234; China, Longgang District, Shenzhen 518172

I. V. Kukushkina

Lomonosov Moscow State University

Email: nefedova@mail.bio.msu.ru

Faculty of Biology

Russian Federation, Moscow, 119234

A. R. Lavrenov

Lomonosov Moscow State University; Severtsov Institute of Ecology and Evolution, Russian Academy of Sciences

Email: nefedova@mail.bio.msu.ru

Faculty of Biology

Russian Federation, Moscow, 119234; Moscow, 119071

I. V. Kuzmin

Lomonosov Moscow State University

Email: nefedova@mail.bio.msu.ru

Faculty of Biology

Russian Federation, Moscow, 119234

A. I. Kim

Lomonosov Moscow State University; Shenzhen MSU-BIT University

Email: nefedova@mail.bio.msu.ru

Faculty of Biology

Russian Federation, Moscow, 119234; China, Longgang District, Shenzhen 518172

L. N. Nefedova

Lomonosov Moscow State University

Author for correspondence.
Email: nefedova@mail.bio.msu.ru

Faculty of Biology

Russian Federation, Moscow, 119234

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2. Fig. 1. Logarithm of the relative expression of genes participating in piRNA interference in the tissues of the ovaries, body and head of females, as well as in the tissues of the central nervous system of third-instar larvae of the Canton-S line. n.d. – not detected, *p < 0.05, **p < 0.01, ***p < 0.001.

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3. Fig. 2. Logarithm of the relative expression of LTR retrotransposons blood, copia, gypsy, roo and Tirant and telomeric LINE elements TART-A, TART-B, TART-C and Het-A in the tissues of the ovaries, corpus, head of females and the central nervous system of SS7K larvae and Canton-S. *p < 0.05, **p < 0.01, ns – statistically insignificant change.

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4. Fig. 3. Logarithm of the level of relative expression of LTR retrotransposons blood, copia, gypsy, roo and Tirant (a) and telomeric retrotransposons TART-A, TART-B, TART-C and HeT-A (b) in the tissues of the body and head of piwi females [2] and piwi[3], as well as F1 females. K - bodies, G - heads, n.d. – not detected, *p < 0.5, **p < 0.01, ***p < 0.001, ns – statistically insignificant change.

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5. Fig. 4. Relative expression level (lg) of various piRNA clusters in the body and head tissues of females of the piwi[2] and piwi[3] lines, as well as females of hybrids of these lines. sp – spliced forms, unsp – unspliced forms. K – bodies, G – heads, *p < 0.05, **p < 0.01, ***p < 0.001, ns – statistically insignificant change.

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6. Fig. 5. Relative expression level (lg) of various piRNA clusters in the tissues of the ovaries, head and body of SS7K and Canton-S females. *p < 0.05, **p < 0.01; ns – statistically insignificant change, n.d. – not detected.

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