Том 22, № 1 (2024)

Background:Psoriasis is a persistent skin condition for which only symptom management is currently available. Topical and systemic medicines, physical therapy, and other methods are all part of the standard treatment strategy. New medication delivery methods for psoriasis are urgently needed because of the present methods' shortcomings.

Objective:The objective of this article is to provide a comprehensive description of microneedles as well as their development in the treatment of psoriasis and the clinical challenges associated with them.

Discussion:The microneedle (MNs) technology is better than other transdermal delivery methods because it has so many benefits, including low invasiveness, painlessness, simplicity, and enhanced patient compliance. Coated microneedles, hollow microneedles, dissolving microneedles, and solid microneedles are the four basic categories into which researchers have so far sorted the fast-expanding area of microneedles. Each of these kinds of microneedles offers its own unique advantages due to their unique properties and layout.

Conclusion:MNs may significantly improve transdermal medication penetration by mechanically opening skin micropores. Meanwhile, this method demonstrates distinct benefits over injection and oral delivery, such as painless application, the least amount of intrusion, the simplicity of self-administration, and avoiding the first-pass impact.

Introduction:Staphylococcus aureus is a bacterial pathogen responsible for many dis-eases. Multidrug resistance in S aureus has become common worldwide and is a serious clinical issue in the treatment and care of S. aureus-infected patients. S. aureus uropathogenic strains isolated from patients with UTI in Bechar province (Algeria) were phenotypically identified and evaluated for multiple drug resistance (MDR) patterns against recommended antimicrobial drugs.

Methods:Through selective media, the uropathogenic S. aureus strains were isolated by analyzing a total of 211 urine samples, then subjected to various biochemical identification tests. Multidrug resistance pattern (MRSA, MLSB, and β-lactamase production) among Staphylococcus aureus uropathogenic strains was performed using phenotypic tests.

Conclusion:This is an alarming rate, confirming the concern that is still being discussed within the medical teams of the national health sector as well as the Algerian antimicrobial resistance network, which requires prompt intervention to update a new strategy to fight antimicrobial re-sistance.

:A total of 50 S. aureus strains were isolated, i.e., 40,48% of all the isolated uropathogenic agents estimated at 126 isolates. More than 69% of the women had a urinary tract infection, i.e., a sex ratio (SR) of 0,43. The susceptibility test results showed that the isolated S. aureus strains were resistant to various antibiotics of the β-lactams class (penicillin, cefoxitin, and oxacillin) and were susceptible to gentamicin, chloramphenicol, co-trimoxazole, vancomycin, ofloxacin, and ciprofloxacin. Cefoxitin disk diffusion and agar screening tests showed that all the isolated S. aureus strains were qualified as MRSA at the rate of 100% (50/50), whereas a rate of 74% (37/50) was granted to MRSA using oxacillin disk diffusion test. The highest percentage of MDR-MRSA was observed in class three of antibiotics 12 (24%). The lowest percentage was observed in classes 8 and 9 of antibiotics 1 (2%). For MDR-MRSA, the MAR index ranged from 0,27 to 1,0.

Results::Penicillin disk diffusion (DD) and DDST (PI/PIT) tests showed a production rate of β-lactamase in the range of 94% and 80%, respectively. 85,1% (40/50) of penicillin-resistant strains were positive for DDST. Thus, the D-test among MRSA strains shows a rate of 38% (19/50) of cMLSB and no strain attributed to the iMLSB phenotype.

The monkeypox virus, which was historically common in West and Central Africa, is the source of the zoonotic disease known as monkeypox. Instances, however, have recently been confirmed in a few non-endemic nations outside of Africa. In light of the COVID-19 pandemic, the WHO labeled the current monkeypox epidemic a public health emergency of global concern on July 23, 2022. The international society may be in jeopardy due to the rapidly increasing number of confirmed cases. Current epidemiological statistics indicate that the high frequency of transmission from person to person might result in additional epidemics, especially among guys who have sex with males. Despite certain therapeutic benefits of already prescribed pharmaceuticals, there is an urgent need for the creation of antiviral therapies and vaccinations to ward off the monkeypox virus. We offer pertinent information to help people understand the monkeypox virus and help medical professionals in stopping the spread of the monkeypox virus.