A Review on Graphene Analytical Sensors for Biomarker-based Detection of Cancer


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Abstract

The engineering of nanoscale materials has broadened the scope of nanotechnology in a restricted functional system. Today, significant priority is given to immediate health diagnosis and monitoring tools for point-of-care testing and patient care. Graphene, as a one-atom carbon compound, has the potential to detect cancer biomarkers and its derivatives. The atom-wide graphene layer specialises in physicochemical characteristics, such as improved electrical and thermal conductivity, optical transparency, and increased chemical and mechanical strength, thus making it the best material for cancer biomarker detection. The outstanding mechanical, electrical, electrochemical, and optical properties of two-dimensional graphene can fulfil the scientific goal of any biosensor development, which is to develop a more compact and portable point-of-care device for quick and early cancer diagnosis. The bio-functionalisation of recognised biomarkers can be improved by oxygenated graphene layers and their composites. The significance of graphene that gleans its missing data for its high expertise to be evaluated, including the variety in surface modification and analytical reports. This review provides critical insights into graphene to inspire research that would address the current and remaining hurdles in cancer diagnosis.

About the authors

Sharangouda Patil

Department of Zoology,, NMKRV College for Women

Email: info@benthamscience.net

Narendra Patil

Department of Pharmacology,, Dr. A.P.J. Abdul Kalam University,

Email: info@benthamscience.net

Mahendra Mahajan

Department of Pharmaceutical Chemistry,, H.R.Patel Institute of Pharmac

Email: info@benthamscience.net

Vemula Madhavi

, BVRIT Hyderabad college of Engineering for Women,

Email: info@benthamscience.net

Subash Gopinath

Faculty of Chemical Engineering & Technology, Universiti Malaysia Perlis (UniMAP),

Author for correspondence.
Email: info@benthamscience.net

Santheraleka Ramanathan

Department of Biomedical Engineering and Health Sciences, Faculty of Electrical Engineering,, Universiti Teknologi Malaysia,

Email: info@benthamscience.net

Mahesh More

Department of Pharmaceutics, Sanjivani College of Pharmaceutical Education and Research

Email: info@benthamscience.net

Ketan Patil

Department of Pharmaceutics, Ahinsa Institute of Pharmacy,

Email: info@benthamscience.net

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