Carbon Nanodots: Preparation, Properties, Application (A Review)

Capa

Citar

Texto integral

Acesso aberto Acesso aberto
Acesso é fechado Acesso está concedido
Acesso é fechado Acesso é pago ou somente para assinantes

Resumo

Carbon nanodots are a special class of nanoparticles with a size of 1 nm, consisting mainly of carbon and having pronounced fluorescent properties. They have been discovered 20 years ago, and since then have found numerous applications as fluorescent sensors, photocatalysts, fluorescent inks, etc., which has led to the rapid development of methods for their production and study. This review summarizes modern ideas about the synthesis, isolation, optical properties and application of carbon nanodots. The main directions for further research in this area are formulated.

Texto integral

Acesso é fechado

Sobre autores

E. Karpushkin

Lomonosov Moscow State University

Autor responsável pela correspondência
Email: eukarr@gmail.com
Rússia, Moscow

E. Kharochkina

Lomonosov Moscow State University

Email: eukarr@gmail.com
Rússia, Moscow

L. Lopatina

Lomonosov Moscow State University

Email: eukarr@gmail.com
Rússia, Moscow

V. Sergeev

Lomonosov Moscow State University

Email: eukarr@gmail.com
Rússia, Moscow

Bibliografia

  1. Xu X., Ray R., Gu Y., Ploehn H.J., Gearheart L., Raker K., Scrivens W.A. // J. Am. Chem. Soc. 2004. Vol. 126. N 40. P. 12736. doi: 10.1021/ja040082h
  2. Hu J., Sun Y., Aryee A.A., Qu L., Zhang K., Li Z. // Anal. Chim. Acta. 2022. Vol. 1209. P. 338885. doi: 10.1016/j.aca.2021.338885
  3. Facure M.H.M., Schneider R., Mercante L.A., Correa D.S. // Environ. Sci.: Nano. 2020. Vol. 7. N 12. P. 3710. doi: 10.1039/d0en00787k
  4. Mansuriya B.D., Altintas Z. // Nanomaterials. 2021. Vol. 11. N 10. P. 2525. doi: 10.3390/nano11102525.
  5. Cui J., Panfil Y.E., Koley S., Shamalia D., Waiskopf N., Remennik S., Popov I., Oded M., Banin U. // Nat. Commun. 2019. Vol. 10. N 1. P. 5401. doi: 10.1038/s41467-019-13349-1
  6. Liang W., Wang P., Meziani M.J., Ge L., Yang L., Patel A.K., Morgan S.O., Sun, Y.-P. // Nanoscale Adv. 2021. Vol. 3. N 14. P. 4186–4195. doi: 10.1039/d1na00286d
  7. Liang W., Ge L., Hou X., Ren X., Yang L., Bunker C.E., Overton C.M., Wang P., Sun Y.-P. // C. 2019. Vol. 5. N 4. P. 70. doi: 10.3390/c5040070
  8. Essner J.B., Kist J.A., Polo-Parada L., Baker G.A. // Chem. Mater. 2018. Vol. 30. N 6. P. 1878. doi: 10.1021/acs.chemmater.7b04446
  9. Sun Y.-P., Zhou B., Lin Y., Wang W., Fernando K.A.S., Pathak P., Meziani M.J., Harruff B.A., Wang X., Wang H., Luo P.G., Yang H., Kose M.E., Chen B., Veca L. M., Xie S.-Y. // J. Am. Chem. Soc. 2006. Vol. 128. N 24. P. 7756. doi: 10.1021/ja062677d
  10. Pan D., Zhang J., Li Z., Wu M. // Adv. Mater. 2010. Vol. 22. N 6. P. 734. doi: 10.1002/adma.200902825
  11. Zhu S., Song Y., Zhao X., Shao J., Zhang J., Yang B. // Nano Res. 2015. Vol. 8. N 2. P. 355. doi: 10.1007/s12274-014-0644-3
  12. Karpushkin E.A., Bugerya A.A., Lopatina L.I., Sergeyev V.G. // Rev. Adv. Chem. 2023. Vol. 12. N 4, P. 195. doi: 10.1134/S2634827622600220
  13. Karpushkin E.A., Mesnyankina E.A., Tagirova M.R., Zaborova O.V., Sergeyev V.G. // Russ. J. Gen. Chem. 2022. Vol. 92. N 10. P. 2042. doi: 10.1134/s1070363222100188
  14. Karpushkin E., Kharochkina E., Mesnyankina E., Zaborova O., Sergeyev V. // Physchem. 2023. Vol. 3. N 1. P. 92. doi: 10.3390/physchem3010008
  15. Hu S.-L., Niu K.-Y., Sun J., Yang J., Zhao N.-Q., Du X.-W. // J. Mater. Chem. 2009. Vol. 19. P. 484. doi: 10.1039/B812943F
  16. Li X., Wang H., Shimizu Y., Pyatenko A., Kawaguchi K., Koshizaki N. // Chem. Commun. 2011. Vol. 47. N. 3. P. 932. doi: 10.1039/c0cc03552a
  17. Peng H., Travas-Sejdic J. // Chem. Mater. 2009. Vol. 21. N 23. P. 5563. doi: 10.1021/cm901593y.
  18. Zhou J., Booker C., Li R., Zhou X., Sham T.-K., Sun X., Ding, Z. // J. Am. Chem. Soc. 2007. Vol. 129. N 4. P. 744. doi: 10.1021/ja0669070
  19. Zhuo S., Shao M., Lee S.-T. // ACS Nano. 2012. Vol. 6. N 2. P. 1059. doi: 10.1021/nn2040395
  20. Chen B., Li F., Li S., Weng W., Guo H., Guo T., Zhang X., Chen Y., Huang T., Hong X., You S., Lin Y., Zeng K., Chen S. // Nanoscale. 2013. Vol. 5. N 5. P. 1967. doi: 10.1039/c2nr32675b
  21. Ma C.-B., Zhu Z.-T., Wang H.-X., Huang X., Zhang X., Qi X., Zhang H.-L., Zhu Y., Deng X., Peng Y., Han Y., Zhang H. // Nanoscale. 2015. Vol. 7. N 22. P. 10162. doi: 10.1039/c5nr01757b
  22. Strauss V., Wang H., Delacroix S., Ledendecker M., Wessig P. // Chem. Sci. 2020. Vol. 11. N 31. P. 8256. doi: 10.1039/d0sc01605e
  23. Golon A., Kuhnert N. // J. Agric. Food Chem. 2012. Vol. 60. N 12. P. 3266. doi: 10.1021/jf204807z
  24. Zhu H., Wang X., Li Y., Wang Z., Yang F., Yang X. // Chem. Commun. 2009. Vol. 34. P. 5118. doi: 10.1039/b907612c
  25. Zhai X., Zhang P., Liu C., Bai T., Li W., Dai L., Liu W. // Chem. Commun. 2012. Vol. 48. N 64. P. 7955. doi: 10.1039/c2cc33869f
  26. Yang Z.-C., Wang M., Yong A.M., Wong S.Y., Zhang X.-H., Tan H., Chang A.Y., Li X., Wang J. // Chem. Commun. 2011. Vol. 47. N 42. P. 11615. doi: 10.1039/c1cc14860e
  27. Cailotto S., Amadio E., Facchin M., Selva M., Pontoglio E., Rizzolio F., Riello P., Toffoli G., Benedetti A., Perosa A. // ACS Med. Chem. Lett. 2018. Vol. 9. N 8. P. 832. doi: 10.1021/acsmedchemlett.8b00240
  28. Deng Y., Zhou Y., Li Q., Qian J. // Anal. Methods. 2021. Vol. 13. N 33. P. 3685. doi: 10.1039/d1ay00885d
  29. Zhu S., Meng Q., Wang L., Zhang J., Song Y., Jin H., Zhang K., Sun H., Wang H., Yang B. // Angew. Chem. Int. Ed. 2013. Vol. 52. N 14. P. 3953. doi: 10.1002/anie.201300519
  30. Khan W.U., Wang D., Zhang W., Tang Z., Ma X., Ding X., Du S., Wang Y. // Sci. Rep. 2017. Vol. 7. N 1. P. 14866. doi: 10.1038/s41598-017-15054-9
  31. Yang Y., Cui J., Zheng M., Hu C., Tan S., Xiao Y., Yang Q., Liu Y. // Chem. Commun. 2012. Vol. 48. N 3. P. 380. doi: 10.1039/c1cc15678k
  32. Gu J., Wang W., Zhang Q., Meng Z., Jia X, Xi K. // RSC Adv. 2013. Vol. 3. P. 15589. doi: 10.1039/C3RA41654B
  33. Liang Q., Ma W., Shi Y., Li Z., Yang X. // Carbon. 2013. Vol. 60. P. 421. doi: 10.1016/j.carbon.2013.04.055
  34. De B., Karak N. // RSC Adv. 2013. Vol. 3. P. 8286. doi: 10.1039/C3RA00088E
  35. Msto R.K., Othman H.O., Al-Hashimi B.R., Salahuddin Ali D., Hassan D.H., Hassan A.Q., Smaoui S. // J. Food Qual. 2023. Vol. 2023. P. 5555608. doi: 10.1155/2023/5555608
  36. He Q., Yu Y., Wang J., Suo X., Liu Y. // Ind. Eng. Chem. Res. 2021. Vol. 60. N 12. P. 4552. doi: 10.1021/acs.iecr.0c06280
  37. Boukhvalov D.W., Osipov V.Y. // Crystals. 2023. Vol. 13. N 5. P. 716. doi: 10.3390/cryst13050716
  38. Senanayake R.D., Yao X., Froehlich C.E., Cahill M.S., Sheldon T.R., McIntire M., Haynes C.L., Hernandez R. // J. Chem. Inf. Model. 2022. Vol. 62. N 23. P. 5918. doi: 10.1021/acs.jcim.2c01007
  39. Poerschmann J., Weiner B., Koehler R., Kopinke F.-D. // ACS Sustainable Chem. Eng. 2017. Vol. 5. N 8. P. 6420. doi: 10.1021/acssuschemeng.7b00276
  40. Papaioannou N., Marinovic A., Yoshizawa N., Goode A.E., Fay M., Khlobystov A., Titirici M.-M., Sapelkin A. // Sci. Rep. 2018. Vol. 8. N 1. P. 6559. doi: 10.1038/s41598-018-25012-8
  41. Li S., Liang F., Wang J., Zhang H., Zhang S. // Adv. Powder Technol. 2017. Vol. 28. N 10. P. 2648. doi: 10.1016/j.apt.2017.07.017
  42. Chen C.-Y., Tsai Y.-H., Chang C.-W. // New J. Chem. 2019. Vol. 43. N 16. P. 6153. doi: 10.1039/c9nj00434c
  43. Kalaiyarasan G., Joseph J., Kumar P. // ACS Omega. 2020. Vol. 5. N 35. P. 22278. doi: 10.1021/acsomega.0c02627
  44. Hu Q., Gong X., Liu L., Choi M.M.F. // J. Nanomater. 2017. Vol. 2017. P. 1804178. doi: 10.1155/2017/1804178
  45. Pandey S., Mewada A., Oza G., Thakur M., Mishra N., Sharon M., Sharon M. // Nanosci. Nanotechnol. Lett. 2013. Vol. 5. N 7. P. 775. doi: 10.1166/nnl.2013.1617
  46. Liu L., Xu Z. // Anal. Methods. 2019. Vol. 11. N 6. P. 760. doi: 10.1039/c8ay02660b
  47. Kokorina A.A., Bakal A.A., Shpuntova D.V., Kostritskiy A.Y., Beloglazova N.V., De Saeger S., Sukhorukov G.B., Sapelkin A.V., Goryacheva I.Y. // Sci. Rep. 2019. Vol. 9. N 1. P. 14665. doi: 10.1038/s41598-019-50922-6
  48. Carbonaro C.M., Corpino R., Salis M., Mocci F., Thakkar S.V., Olla C., Ricci P.C. // C. 2019. Vol. 5. N 4. P. 60. doi: 10.3390/c5040060
  49. Mintz K.J., Zhou Y., Leblanc R.M. // Nanoscale. 2019. Vol. 11. N 11. P. 4634. doi: 10.1039/c8nr10059d
  50. Li L., Dong T. // J. Mater. Chem. C. 2018. Vol. 6. N 60. P. 7944. doi: 10.1039/c7tc05878k
  51. Zhi B., Yao X., Cui Y., Orr G., Haynes C.L. // Nanoscale. 2019. Vol. 11. N 43. P. 20411. doi: 10.1039/c9nr05028k
  52. Qu D., Zheng M., Zhang L., Zhao H., Xie Z., Jing X., Haddad R.E., Fan H., Sun Z. // Sci. Rep. 2014. Vol. 4. N 1. P. 5294. doi: 10.1038/srep05294
  53. Koutsogiannis P., Thomou E., Stamatis H., Gournis D., Rudolf P. // Adv. Phys.: X. 2020. Vol. 5. N 1. P. 1758592. doi: 10.1080/23746149.2020.1758592
  54. Parker C.A., Rees W.T. // Analyst. 1960. Vol. 85. N. 1013. P. 587. doi: 10.1039/an9608500587
  55. Brouwer A.M. // Pure Appl. Chem. 2011. Vol. 83. N 12. P. 2213. doi: 10.1351/pac-rep-10-09-31
  56. Rurack K. Standardization and Quality Assurance in Fluorescence Measurements I / Ed. U. Resch-Genger. Berlin; Heidelberg: Springer, 2008. P. 101. doi: 10.1007/4243_2008_019.
  57. Hallaji Z., Bagheri Z., Kalji S.-O., Ermis E., Ranjbar B. // FlatChem. 2021. Vol. 29. P. 100271. doi: 10.1016/j.flatc.2021.100271
  58. Bhunia S.K., Saha A., Maity A.R., Ray S.C., Jana N.R. // Sci. Rep. 2013. Vol. 3. N 1. P. 1473. doi: 10.1038/srep01473
  59. Li H., He X., Kang Z., Huang H., Liu Y., Liu J., Lian S., Tsang C.H.A., Yang X., Lee S.-T. // Angew. Chem. Int. Ed. 2010. Vol. 49. N 26. P. 4430. doi: 10.1002/anie.200906154
  60. Sharma A., Gadly T., Neogy S., Ghosh S.K., Kumbhakar M. // J. Phys. Chem. Lett. 2017. Vol. 8. N 5. P. 1044. doi: 10.1021/acs.jpclett.7b00170
  61. Zhi B., Cui Y., Wang S., Frank B.P., Williams D.N., Brown R.P., Melby E.S., Hamers R.J., Rosenzweig Z., Fairbrother D.H., Orr G., Haynes C.L. // ACS Nano. 2018. Vol. 12. N 6. P. 5741. doi: 10.1021/acsnano.8b01619
  62. Yuan F., Wang Z., Li X., Li Y., Tan Z., Fan L., Yang S. // Adv. Mater. 2017. Vol. 29. N 3. P. 1604436. doi: 10.1002/adma.201604436
  63. Ding H., Li X.-H., Chen X.-B., Wei J.-S., Li X.-B., Xiong H.-M. // J. Appl. Phys. 2020. Vol. 127. N 23. P. 231101. doi: 10.1063/1.5143819
  64. Ding H., Yu S.-B., Wei J.-S., Xiong H.-M. // ACS Nano. 2016. Vol. 10. N 1. P. 484. doi: 10.1021/acsnano.5b05406
  65. Schneider J., Reckmeier C.J., Xiong Y., von Seckendorff M., Susha A.S., Kasák P., Rogach A.L. // J. Phys. Chem. C. 2017. Vol. 121. N 3. P. 2014. doi: 10.1021/acs.jpcc.6b12519
  66. Pontes S.M.A., Rodrigues V.S.F., Carneiro S.V., Oliveira J.J.P., Moura T.A., Paschoal A.R., Antunes R.A., Oliveira D.R., de Oliveira J.R., Fechine L.M.U.D., Mazzetto S.E., Fechine P.B.A., Clemente C. da S. // Nano-Struct. Nano-Objects. 2022. Vol. 32. P. 100917. doi: 10.1016/j.nanoso.2022.100917
  67. Kandasamy G. // C. 2019. Vol. 5. N 2. P. 24. doi: 10.3390/c5020024
  68. Shan X., Chai L., Ma J., Qian Z., Chen J., Feng H. // Analyst. 2014. Vol. 139. N 10. P. 2322. doi: 10.1039/c3an02222f
  69. Bourlinos A.B., Trivizas G., Karakassides M.A., Baikousi M., Kouloumpis A., Gournis D., Bakandritsos A., Hola K., Kozak O., Zboril R., Papagiannouli I., Aloukos P., Couris S. // Carbon. 2015. Vol. 83. P. 173. doi: 10.1016/j.carbon.2014.11.032
  70. Jana J., Ganguly M., Chandrakumar Kuttay R.S., Rao G.M., Pal T. // Langmuir. 2017. Vol. 33. N 2. P. 573. doi: 10.1021/acs.langmuir.6b04100
  71. Jia Y., Hu Y., Li Y., Zeng Q., Jiang X., Cheng Z. // Mikrochim. Acta. 2019. Vol. 186. N 2. P. 84. doi: 10.1007/s00604-018-3196-5
  72. Zuo G., Xie A., Li J., Su T., Pan X., Dong W. // J. Phys. Chem. C. 2017. Vol. 121. N 47. P. 26558. doi: 10.1021/acs.jpcc.7b10179
  73. Zhou J., Shan X., Ma J., Gu Y., Qian Z., Chen J., Feng H. // RSC Adv. 2014. Vol. 4. P. 5465. doi: 10.1039/C3RA45294H
  74. Sarkar S., Das K., Ghosh M., Das P.K. // RSC Adv. 2015. Vol. 5. N 81. P. 65913. doi: 10.1039/c5ra09905f
  75. Shi D., Yan F., Zheng T., Wang Y., Zhou X., Chen L. // RSC Adv. 2015. Vol. 5. N 119. P. 98492. doi: 10.1039/c5ra18800h
  76. Wang W., Li Y., Cheng L., Cao Z., Liu W. // J. Mater. Chem. B. 2014. Vol. 2. N 1. P. 46. doi: 10.1039/c3tb21370f
  77. Chandra S., Patra P., Pathan S.H., Roy S., Mitra S., Layek A., Bhar R., Pramanik P., Goswami A. // J. Mater. Chem. B. 2013. Vol. 1. N 18. P. 2375. doi: 10.1039/c3tb00583f
  78. Xu Q., Pu P., Zhao J., Dong C., Gao C., Chen Y., Chen J., Liu Y., Zhou H. // J. Mater. Chem. A. 2015. Vol. 3. N 2. P. 542. doi: 10.1039/c4ta05483k
  79. Travlou N.A., Secor J., Bandosz T.J. // Carbon. 2017. Vol. 114. P. 544. doi: 10.1016/j.carbon.2016.12.035
  80. Naik V.M., Gunjal D.B., Gore A.H., Pawar S.P., Mahanwar S.T., Anbhule P.V., Kolekar G.B. // Diamond Relat. Mater. 2018. Vol. 88. P. 262. doi: 10.1016/j.diamond.2018.07.018
  81. Wu F., Yang M., Zhang H., Zhu S., Zhu X., Wang K. // Opt. Mater. 2018. Vol. 77. P. 258. doi: 10.1016/j.optmat.2018.01.048
  82. Liu S., Tian J., Wang L., Zhang Y., Qin X., Luo Y., Asiri A.M., Al-Youbi A.O., Sun X. // Adv. Mater. 2012. Vol. 24. N 15. P. 2037. doi: 10.1002/adma.201200164
  83. Dey S., Chithaiah P., Belawadi S., Biswas K., Rao C.N.R. // J. Mater. Res. 2014. Vol. 29. N 3. P. 383. doi: 10.1557/jmr.2013.295
  84. Wang L., Yin Y., Jain A., Zhou H.S. // Langmuir. 2014. Vol. 30. N 47. P. 14270. doi: 10.1021/la5031813
  85. Niu J., Gao H. // J. Lumin. 2014. Vol. 149. P. 159. doi: 10.1016/j.jlumin.2014.01.026
  86. Hu R., Li L., Jin W.J. // Carbon. 2017. Vol. 111. P. 133. doi: 10.1016/j.carbon.2016.09.038
  87. Wang H., Gao P., Wang Y., Guo J., Zhang K.-Q., Du D., Dai X., Zou G. // APL Mater. 2015. Vol. 3. N 8. P. 086102. doi: 10.1063/1.4928028
  88. Simões E.F.C., Leitão J.M.M., Esteves da Silva J.C.G. // Anal. Chim. Acta. 2017. Vol. 960. P. 117. doi: 10.1016/j.aca.2017.01.007
  89. Wang J., Xiang X., Milcovich G., Chen J., Chen C., Feng J., Hudson S.P., Weng X., Ruan Y. // J. Mol. Recognit. 2019. Vol. 32. N. 2. P. e2761. doi: 10.1002/jmr.2761
  90. Ding H., Wei J.-S., Xiong H.-M. // Nanoscale. 2014. Vol. 6. N 22. P. 13817. doi: 10.1039/c4nr04267k
  91. Anjana R.R., Anjali Devi J.S., Jayasree M., Aparna R.S., Aswathy B., Praveen G.L., Lekha G.M., Sony G. // Mikrochim. Acta. 2017. Vol. 185. N 1. P. 11. doi: 10.1007/s00604-017-2574-8
  92. Zhou W., Zhuang J., Li W., Hu C., Lei B., Liu Y. // J. Mater. Chem. C. 2017. Vol. 5. N 32. P. 8014. doi: 10.1039/c7tc01819c
  93. Qu D., Zheng M., Du P., Zhou Y., Zhang L., Li D., Tan H., Zhao Z., Xie Z., Sun Z. // Nanoscale. 2013. Vol. 5. N 24. P. 12272. doi: 10.1039/c3nr04402e
  94. Xing X., Huang L., Zhao S., Xiao J., Lan M. // Microchem. J. 2020. Vol. 157. P. 105065. doi: 10.1016/j.microc.2020.105065
  95. Liu J., Li R., Yang B. // ACS Cent. Sci. 2020. Vol. 6. N 12. P. 2179. doi: 10.1021/acscentsci.0c01306
  96. Qu S., Wang X., Lu Q., Liu X., Wang L. // Angew. Chem. Int. Ed. 2012. Vol. 51. N 49. P. 12215. doi: 10.1002/anie.201206791.
  97. Song X., Guo Q., Cai Z., Qiu J., Dong G. // Ceram. Int. 2019. Vol. 45. N. 14. P. 17387. doi: 10.1016/j.ceramint.2019.05.299
  98. Wyrzykowski D., Hebanowska E., Nowak-Wiczk G., Makowski M., Chmurzyński L. // J. Therm. Anal. Calorim. 2011. Vol. 104. N 2. P. 731. doi: 10.1007/s10973-010-1015-2
  99. Wang D., Dong N., Niu Y. Hui S. // J. Chem. 2019. Vol. 2019. P. 6853638. doi: 10.1155/2019/6853638
  100. Kasprzyk W., Świergosz T., Romańczyk P.P., Feldmann J., Stolarczyk J.K. // Nanoscale. 2022. Vol. 14. N 39. P. 14368. doi: 10.1039/d2nr03176k
  101. Sell W.J., Easterfield T.H. // J. Chem. Soc. 1893. Vol. 63. P. 1035. doi: 10.1039/ct8936301035.
  102. Kasprzyk W., Świergosz T., Bednarz S., Walas K., Bashmakova N.V., Bogdał D. // Nanoscale. 2018. Vol. 10. N 29. P. 13889. doi: 10.1039/c8nr03602k
  103. La Ferla B., Vercelli B. // Nanomaterials. 2023. Vol. 13. N 10. P. 1635. doi: 10.3390/nano13101635
  104. Stepanidenko E.A., Vedernikova A.A., Miruschenko M.D., Dadadzhanov D.R., Feferman D., Zhang B., Qu S., Ushakova E.V. // J. Phys. Chem. Lett. 2023. Vol. 14. P. 11522. doi: 10.1021/acs.jpclett.3c02837
  105. Demchenko A. // C. 2019. Vol. 5. N 4. P. 71. doi: 10.3390/c5040071
  106. Bhuyan R., Bramhaiah K., Bhattacharyya S. // J. Colloid Interface Sci. 2022. Vol. 605. P. 364. doi: 10.1016/j.jcis.2021.07.119
  107. Gao X., Du C., Zhuang Z., Chen W. // J. Mater. Chem. (C). 2016. Vol. 4. N 29. P. 6927. doi: 10.1039/c6tc02055k
  108. Batool M., Junaid H.M., Tabassum S., Kanwal F., Abid K., Fatima Z., Shah A. T. // Crit. Rev. Anal. Chem. 2022. Vol. 52. N 4. P. 756. doi: 10.1080/10408347.2020.1824117
  109. Chu H.-W., Unnikrishnan B., Anand A., Lin Y.-W., Huang C.-C. // J. Food Drug Anal. 2020. Vol. 28. N. 4. P. 539. doi: 10.38212/2224-6614.1269
  110. Kaur I., Batra V., Kumar Reddy Bogireddy N., Torres Landa S.D., Agarwal V. // Food Chem. 2023. Vol. 406. P. 135029. doi: 10.1016/j.foodchem.2022.135029
  111. Vallan L., Imahori H. // ACS Appl. Electron. Mater. 2022. Vol. 4. N 9. P. 4231. doi: 10.1021/acsaelm.2c01021
  112. Tajik S., Dourandish Z., Zhang K., Beitollahi H., Van Le Q., Jang H.W., Shokouhimehr M. // RSC Adv. 2020. Vol. 10. N 26. P. 15406. doi: 10.1039/d0ra00799d
  113. Jung H., Sapner V.S., Adhikari A., Sathe B.R., Patel R. // Front. Chem. 2022. Vol. 10. P. 881495. doi: 10.3389/fchem.2022.881495
  114. Akbar K., Moretti E., Vomiero A. // Adv. Opt. Mater. 2021. Vol. 9. N 17. P. 2100532. doi: 10.1002/adom.202100532
  115. Shen L., Zhang L., Chen M., Chen X., Wang J. // Carbon. 2013. Vol. 55. P. 343. doi: 10.1016/j.carbon.2012.12.074
  116. Lai C.-W., Hsia Y.-H., Peng Y.-K., Chou P.-T. // J. Mater. Chem. 2012. Vol. 22. P. 14403. doi: 10.1039/C2JM32206D
  117. Guo X., Wang C.-F., Yu Z.-Y., Chen L., Chen S. // Chem. Commun. 2012. Vol. 48. N 21. P. 2692. doi: 10.1039/c2cc17769b
  118. Zhang X., Ming H., Liu R., Han X., Kang Z., Liu Y., Zhang Y. // Mater. Res. Bull. 2013. Vol. 48. N 2. P. 790. doi: 10.1016/j.materresbull.2012.11.056
  119. Mohammed L.J., Omer K.M. // Sci. Rep. 2020. Vol. 10. N 1. P. 3028. doi: 10.1038/s41598-020-59958-5
  120. Kalytchuk S., Wang Yu, Poláková K., Zbořil R. // ACS Appl. Mater. Interfaces. 2018. Vol. 10. P. 29902. doi: 10.1021/acsami.8b11663
  121. Zheng C., An X., Gong J. // RSC Adv. 2015. Vol. 5. N 41. P. 32319. doi: 10.1039/c5ra01986a

Arquivos suplementares

Arquivos suplementares
Ação
1. JATS XML
Baixar
2. Fig. 1. Two-dimensional van Krevelen diagrams (dependence of H/C molar ratio on O/C molar ratio) for (a) 284 signals of glucose pyrolysis products, (b) 113 signals of fructose pyrolysis product, and (c) 158 signals of sucrose pyrolysis products. Reproduced from [23]

Baixar (265KB)
Metadados
3. Fig. 2. Emission spectra (a), fluorescence quantum yield (b) and concentration (c) of the microwave-treated citric acid product as a function of dialysis duration, as well as chromatograms of the corresponding products (d) recorded by ultraviolet absorption (UV-HPLC) and fluorescence (FL-HPLC). Reproduced from [42]

Baixar (484KB)
Metadados
4. Fig. 3. Electrophoretic separation of the hydrothermal treatment product of a mixture of citric acid with ethylenediamine, visualization in natural light (a) and under UV lamp illumination (b, c): chromatograms of the initial mixture with labeled bands containing different products (a, b) and of the initial mixture and isolated fractions (c). Reproduced from [47]

Baixar (324KB)
Metadados
5. Fig. 4. Schematic of possible mechanisms of UT fluorescence, corresponding structural fragments and absorption (1) and fluorescence excitation (2) spectra. Reproduced from [60]

Baixar (373KB)
Metadados
6. Fig. 5. Photographs of samples A-D (citric acid- and phenylenediamine-based UCTs) in natural (a) and UV (b) illumination, absorption (Abs) and emission (Em) spectra at different values of λex (nm) of the corresponding samples (c). Reproduced from [64]

Baixar (419KB)
Metadados
7. Fig. 6. Conditions for the synthesis of UTs based on citric acid and various amines; assumed structure of the molecular fluorophore responsible for UT fluorescence; appearance of samples in natural and UV illumination. Reproduced from [65]

Baixar (379KB)
Metadados
8. Fig. 7. Absorption (dots), excitation (dashed lines), and emission (solid lines) spectra of a suspension of a SCT sample (0.01 mg/mL); inset: (left to right) view of the sample in natural light and under irradiation with light at 340, 450, and 550 nm. Reproduced from [66]

Baixar (197KB)
Metadados
9. Fig. 8. Schematic of the structure of N-doped UCTs illustrating the structural types of nitrogen atoms and their relative content depending on the amount of iron (III) perchlorate during synthesis. Reproduced from [86]

Baixar (609KB)
Metadados
10. Fig. 9. Optical properties of UCTs based on glycolic (G-NCDs), malic (M-NCDs), and citric (C-NCDs) acids (a) and a scheme of the molecular orbital structure of these UCTs (b). Reproduced from [87]

Baixar (510KB)
Metadados
11. Fig. 10. Schematic of the interaction of citric acid with amine to form PT and SCT. Reproduced from [29]

Baixar (173KB)
Metadados
12. Fig. 11. Main reactions occurring during thermolysis of citric acid and its mixtures with various nitrogen-containing substances. Reproduced from [100]

Baixar (412KB)
Metadados
13. Fig. 12. Separation of citric acid and urea interaction products en masse at 230°C and appearance of the isolated fractions. Reproduced from [22]

Baixar (548KB)
Metadados
14. Fig. 13. Schematic of the interaction between citric acid and urea in the absence of solvent under heating. Reproduced from [22]

Baixar (214KB)
Metadados

Declaração de direitos autorais © Russian Academy of Sciences, 2024