Epidemiology and Infectious DiseasesEpidemiology and Infectious DiseasesЭпидемиология и инфекционные болезни3034-20073034-2015Eco-Vector70196710.17816/EID701967ReviewsНаучные обзорыThe success of mycosis treatment in HIV-infected patientsУспехи лечения микозов у ВИЧ-инфицированных пациентовhttps://orcid.org/0000-0002-7165-5077BelyaevVsevolodБеляевВсеволод Станиславович
Russian Federation

Assistant Professor of Microbiology and Virology with a course in Immunology

ассистент кафедры микробиологии и вирусологии с курсом иммунологии

seva.belyaev.99@mail.ruhttps://orcid.org/0000-0001-9209-78397367-3140ChervinecJuliaЧервинецЮлия Вячеславовна

Заведующий кафедрой микробиологии и вирусологии с курсом иммунологии, д.м.н., проф.

julia_chervinec@mail.ruMiheenkoAleksandraМихеенкоАлександра Максимовнаalramix003@icloud.comTver state medical univercityФГБОУ ВО Тверской государственный медицинский университет Минздрава России140720263122901202617022026Copyright ©; , Eco-vectorCopyright ©; , Эко-векторEco-vectorЭко-векторhttps://eco-vector.com/for_authors.php#07https://rjeid.com/1560-9529/article/view/701967

This article presents a current overview of modern approaches to the diagnosis and treatment of opportunistic mycoses in patients with HIV infection, which is a crucial task amid the rising prevalence of resistant strains and the complexities of therapy. The work emphasizes the importance of timely diagnosis and individualized selection of antifungal agents, taking into account their efficacy, resistance patterns, and side effects. An analysis of 38 studies published between 2014 and 2025 was conducted, allowing for the identification of key trends and achievements in the treatment of mycoses such as candidiasis, cryptococcosis, pneumocystosis, histoplasmosis, and dermatophyte infections in HIV-infected individuals. A major finding is the demonstrated effectiveness of combined and adaptive treatment regimens, as well as the necessity of regular susceptibility testing of fungal strains to prevent resistance development. Special attention is given to the role of antiretroviral therapy in improving outcomes and reducing the prevalence of mycotic complications. In conclusion, personalized therapy, monitoring of side effects, and continuous refinement of treatment schemes significantly enhance survival rates and quality of life for HIV-infected patients suffering from mycoses. The reader will gain a comprehensive understanding of current advances and future prospects in antifungal therapy for this patient group, which has important practical implications for the effective management of opportunistic infections

Данная статья представляет актуальный обзор современных подходов к диагностике и лечению оппортунистических микозов у пациентов с ВИЧ-инфекцией, что является важной задачей в условиях роста числа резистентных штаммов и сложности терапии. В работе подчеркивается значимость своевременной диагностики и индивидуализированного подбора антимикотических средств с учетом их эффективности, резистентности и побочных эффектов. В ходе обзора проанализировано 38 исследований, опубликованных за период 2014–2025 гг., что позволило выявить ключевые тенденции и достижения в области терапии микозов, таких как кандидоз, криптококкоз, пневмоцистоз, гистоплазмоз и дерматомикозы у ВИЧ-инфицированных. Важнейшим результатом является доказательство эффективности комбинированных и адаптивных схем лечения, а также необходимость регулярной оценки чувствительности штаммов грибов для предотвращения развития резистентности. Особое внимание уделяется роли антиретровирусной терапии в улучшении исходов и снижении распространенности микозных осложнений. В заключении подчеркивается, что индивидуализированный подбор терапии, контроль за побочными эффектами и постоянное совершенствование схем лечения позволяют значительно повысить выживаемость и качество жизни ВИЧ-инфицированных пациентов, страдающих микозами. Читатель сможет в полном объеме понять современные достижения и перспективы в области противогрибковой терапии у данной категории пациентов, что имеет важное практическое значение в реализации эффективных стратегий борьбы с оппортунистическими инфекциями

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