Epidemiology and Infectious DiseasesEpidemiology and Infectious DiseasesЭпидемиология и инфекционные болезни3034-20073034-2015Eco-Vector69966510.17816/EID699665ZFYVZYReviewsНаучные обзорыReview ArticleModern strategies for etiotropic therapy and prevention of respiratory syncytial virus infectionСовременные стратегии этиотропной терапии и профилактики респираторно-синцитиальной вирусной инфекцииhttps://orcid.org/0009-0006-4748-78237926-6964MirolaevMikhail M.МиролаевМихаил Михайлович
Russian Federation
mikhailmirolaev@yandex.ruhttps://orcid.org/0000-0002-5486-08375103-0451BurgasovaOlga А.БургасоваОльга Александровна
Russian Federation

MD, Dr. Sci. (Medicine), Professor

д-р мед. наук, профессор

Olgaburgasova@mail.ruhttps://orcid.org/0000-0002-1983-481X8858-0350KruzhkovaIrina S.КружковаИрина Сергеевна
Russian Federation

MD, Cand. Sci. (Medicine)

канд. мед. наук

kruzhkovais@zdrav.mos.ruhttps://orcid.org/0000-0003-2518-68012707-1446BurtsevaElena I.БурцеваЕлена Ивановна
Russian Federation

MD, Dr. Sci. (Medicine), Professor

д-р мед. наук, профессор

elena-burtseva@yandex.ruhttps://orcid.org/0000-0001-7046-07991650-0831TokmalaevAnatoly K.ТокмалаевАнатолий Карпович
Russian Federation

MD, Dr. Sci. (Medicine), Professor

д-р мед. наук, профессор

tokmalaev39@mail.ruNational Research Center for Epidemiology and Microbiology named after N.F. GamaleyaНациональный исследовательский центр эпидемиологии и микробиологии им. почетного акад. Н.Ф. ГамалеиPeoples’ Friendship University of RussiaРоссийский университет дружбы народов им. П. ЛумумбыFederal Research and Clinical Center of Specialized Medical Care and Medical TechnologiesФедеральный научно-клинический центр специализированных видов медицинской помощи и медицинских технологий170220263103202631141502612202522012026Copyright ©; 2026, Eco-vectorCopyright ©; 2026, Эко-вектор2026Eco-vectorЭко-векторhttps://eco-vector.com/for_authors.php#07https://rjeid.com/1560-9529/article/view/699665

Respiratory syncytial virus remains one of the leading causes of lower respiratory tract infections worldwide and poses a serious threat to young children and older adults. This review aimed to analyze current strategies for the treatment and prevention of respiratory syncytial virus infection that have emerged as a result of fundamental advances in viral structural biology. The article reviews up-to-date epidemiological data, including changes in seasonality observed after the pandemic, as well as challenges in clinical diagnosis. It discusses evolution of passive immunoprophylaxis, and presents the results of studies evaluating the efficacy of novel recombinant vaccines for active immunization. Particular attention is paid to the assessment of promising agents for etiotropic therapy. The available evidence indicates that the introduction of new preventive and therapeutic interventions makes it possible to shift respiratory syncytial virus infection into the category of manageable diseases. An important future task is the establishment of continuous molecular epidemiological surveillance to monitor the potential development of viral resistance to existing therapeutic and preventive agents.

Респираторно-синцитиальный вирус остаётся одной из ведущих причин инфекций нижних дыхательных путей во всём мире и представляет серьёзную угрозу для детей раннего возраста и пожилых людей. Цель данного обзора — анализ современных стратегий терапии и профилактики респираторно-синцитиальной вирусной инфекции, разработанных благодаря фундаментальным открытиям в структурной биологии вируса. В статье рассматриваются современные эпидемиологические данные, включая изменения сезонности после пандемии, а также сложности клинической диагностики. Подробно описана эволюция пассивной иммунопрофилактики и представлены результаты исследований об эффективности новых рекомбинантных вакцин для активной иммунизации. Особое внимание уделено оценке перспективных средств этиотропной терапии. Данные демонстрируют, что внедрение новых профилактических и терапевтических средств позволяет перевести респираторно-синцитиальную вирусную инфекцию в разряд управляемых заболеваний. Важной задачей будущего является организация постоянного молекулярно-эпидемиологического надзора для отслеживания возможного развития резистентности вируса к существующим средствам лечения и профилактики.

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