Epidemiology and Infectious DiseasesEpidemiology and Infectious DiseasesЭпидемиология и инфекционные болезни3034-20073034-2015Eco-Vector69607010.17816/EID696070JTAPPHReviewsНаучные обзорыReview ArticleCases of human infection with highly pathogenic strains of the avian influenza A virus: risks and vaccination strategiesСлучаи инфицирования людей высокопатогенными штаммами вируса гриппа птиц типа А: риски и подходы к вакцинопрофилактикеhttps://orcid.org/0000-0003-2518-68012707-1446BurtsevaElena I.БурцеваЕлена Ивановна
Russian Federation

MD, Dr. Sci. (Medicine)

д-р мед. наук

elena-burtseva@yandex.ruhttps://orcid.org/0000-0002-7272-40117710-8090KrepkaiaAnastasia S.КрепкаяАнастасия Сергеевна
Russian Federation
nastya18-96@mail.ruhttps://orcid.org/0000-0001-6206-22994320-1544IgnatievaAnna V.ИгнатьеваАнна Викторовна
Russian Federation

Cand. Sci. (Biology)

канд. биол. наук

valgella@yandex.ruNational Research Centre for Epidemiology and Microbiology named after N.F. GamaleyaНациональный исследовательский центр эпидемиологии и микробиологии им. почетного акад. Н.Ф. ГамалеиFederal Research and Clinical Center of Specialized Medical Care and Medical TechnologiesФедеральный научно-клинический центр специализированных видов медицинской помощи и медицинских технологий31122025240220263042352461111202531122025Copyright ©; 2025, Eco-vectorCopyright ©; 2025, Эко-вектор2025Eco-vectorЭко-векторhttps://rjeid.com/1560-9529/article/view/696070

For several decades, avian influenza viruses have been considered a source of new variants with pandemic potential based on all known influenza pandemics to date. This review provides examples of human infections with various subtypes of avian influenza A viruses since 1997, when the first cases of human infection with highly pathogenic (H5N1) avian influenza viruses were reported in Hong Kong. In recent years, the World Health Organization has reported the largest number of human avian influenza virus infections in the Pacific region. An unusual outbreak of avian influenza A(H5N1) has been documented among cows and birds in the United States, with some farmers being infected as well. The article presents an analysis of infection risks, the properties and structure of strains, and their susceptibility to direct-acting antivirals. It also discusses vaccine development approaches, the strategy and tactics of vaccination within the WHO Pandemic Influenza Preparedness Framework and the Global Influenza Strategy.

На протяжении нескольких десятилетий вирусы гриппа птиц рассматривают как источник формирования нового варианта с пандемическим потенциалом, примером чему служат все известные на сегодняшний день пандемии гриппа. В настоящем обзоре приведены примеры инфицирования людей различными подтипами вируса гриппа птиц типа А, начиная с 1997 года, когда в Гонконге впервые зарегистрировали случаи инфицирования людей высокопатогенным штаммом вируса гриппа птиц A(H5N1). В последние годы наибольшее число случаев заражения людей вирусами гриппа птиц регистрируют в странах Тихоокеанского региона Всемирной организации здравоохранения. Описана необычная вспышка гриппа A(H5N1) среди коров и птиц в Соединённых Штатах Америки, в период которой зарегистрировали случаи инфицирования фермеров. Представлены анализ рисков инфицирования, свойства и структура штаммов, чувствительность к препаратам прямого противогриппозного действия, подходы к разработке вакцин, а также стратегия и тактика вакцинопрофилактики в рамках реализации Программы по подготовке к новой пандемии гриппа и Глобальной стратегии по гриппу Всемирной организации здравоохранения.

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