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<article xmlns:mml="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" xmlns:xlink="http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink" xmlns:xsi="http://www.w3.org/2001/XMLSchema-instance" xmlns:ali="http://www.niso.org/schemas/ali/1.0/" article-type="review-article" dtd-version="1.2" xml:lang="en"><front><journal-meta><journal-id journal-id-type="publisher-id">Epidemiology and Infectious Diseases</journal-id><journal-title-group><journal-title xml:lang="en">Epidemiology and Infectious Diseases</journal-title><trans-title-group xml:lang="ru"><trans-title>Эпидемиология и инфекционные болезни</trans-title></trans-title-group></journal-title-group><issn publication-format="print">3034-2007</issn><issn publication-format="electronic">3034-2015</issn><publisher><publisher-name xml:lang="en">Eco-Vector</publisher-name></publisher></journal-meta><article-meta><article-id pub-id-type="publisher-id">643498</article-id><article-id pub-id-type="doi">10.17816/EID643498</article-id><article-id pub-id-type="edn">YERFSF</article-id><article-categories><subj-group subj-group-type="toc-heading" xml:lang="en"><subject>Reviews</subject></subj-group><subj-group subj-group-type="toc-heading" xml:lang="ru"><subject>Научные обзоры</subject></subj-group><subj-group subj-group-type="article-type"><subject>Review Article</subject></subj-group></article-categories><title-group><article-title xml:lang="en">Epidemiology, verification, and prevention of chronic hepatitis B virus infection among blood donors and HIV-positive patients: a review</article-title><trans-title-group xml:lang="ru"><trans-title>Вопросы эпидемиологии, верификации и профилактики хронической HBV-инфекции у доноров и ВИЧ-позитивных пациентов: научный обзор</trans-title></trans-title-group></title-group><contrib-group><contrib contrib-type="author"><contrib-id contrib-id-type="orcid">https://orcid.org/0000-0003-2711-0624</contrib-id><contrib-id contrib-id-type="spin">9708-6788</contrib-id><name-alternatives><name xml:lang="en"><surname>Eremeeva</surname><given-names>Zhanna G.</given-names></name><name xml:lang="ru"><surname>Еремеева</surname><given-names>Жанна Григорьевна</given-names></name></name-alternatives><address><country country="RU">Russian Federation</country></address><bio xml:lang="en"><p>MD, Cand. Sci. (Medicine)</p></bio><bio xml:lang="ru"><p>канд. мед. наук</p></bio><email>Z.Eremeeva@tatar.ru</email><xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff1"/><xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff2"/></contrib><contrib contrib-type="author"><contrib-id contrib-id-type="orcid">https://orcid.org/0000-0003-4333-6316</contrib-id><contrib-id contrib-id-type="spin">3283-1607</contrib-id><name-alternatives><name xml:lang="en"><surname>Fazylov</surname><given-names>Vildan Kh.</given-names></name><name xml:lang="ru"><surname>Фазылов</surname><given-names>Вильдан Хайруллаевич</given-names></name></name-alternatives><address><country country="RU">Russian Federation</country></address><bio xml:lang="en"><p>MD, Dr. Sci. (Medicine), Professor</p></bio><bio xml:lang="ru"><p>д-р мед. наук, профессор</p></bio><email>fazylov47@inbox.ru</email><xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff3"/><xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff4"/><xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff5"/></contrib><contrib contrib-type="author"><contrib-id contrib-id-type="orcid">https://orcid.org/0009-0004-6663-7669</contrib-id><contrib-id contrib-id-type="spin">1286-6399</contrib-id><name-alternatives><name xml:lang="en"><surname>Siraziev</surname><given-names>Airat M.</given-names></name><name xml:lang="ru"><surname>Сиразиев</surname><given-names>Айрат Маратович</given-names></name></name-alternatives><address><country country="RU">Russian Federation</country></address><bio xml:lang="en"><p>MD</p></bio><email>sirazievair95@mail.ru</email><xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff4"/><xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff5"/></contrib></contrib-group><aff-alternatives id="aff1"><aff><institution xml:lang="en">Republican Clinical Dermatology and Venereology Dispensary</institution></aff><aff><institution xml:lang="ru">Республиканский клинический кожно-венерологический диспансер</institution></aff></aff-alternatives><aff-alternatives id="aff2"><aff><institution xml:lang="en">Kazan State Medical University</institution></aff><aff><institution xml:lang="ru">Казанский государственный медицинский университет</institution></aff></aff-alternatives><aff-alternatives id="aff3"><aff><institution xml:lang="en">Russian Medical Academy of Continuous Professional Education</institution></aff><aff><institution xml:lang="ru">Российская медицинская академия непрерывного профессионального образования</institution></aff></aff-alternatives><aff-alternatives id="aff4"><aff><institution xml:lang="en">Mari State University</institution></aff><aff><institution xml:lang="ru">Марийский государственный университет</institution></aff></aff-alternatives><aff-alternatives id="aff5"><aff><institution xml:lang="en">Republican Center for the Prevention and Control of AIDS and Infectious Diseases</institution></aff><aff><institution xml:lang="ru">Республиканский центр по профилактике и борьбе со СПИДом и инфекционными заболеваниями</institution></aff></aff-alternatives><pub-date date-type="preprint" iso-8601-date="2025-07-09" publication-format="electronic"><day>09</day><month>07</month><year>2025</year></pub-date><pub-date date-type="pub" iso-8601-date="2025-07-29" publication-format="electronic"><day>29</day><month>07</month><year>2025</year></pub-date><volume>30</volume><issue>1</issue><issue-title xml:lang="en"/><issue-title xml:lang="ru"/><fpage>35</fpage><lpage>44</lpage><history><date date-type="received" iso-8601-date="2024-12-27"><day>27</day><month>12</month><year>2024</year></date><date date-type="accepted" iso-8601-date="2025-04-11"><day>11</day><month>04</month><year>2025</year></date></history><permissions><copyright-statement xml:lang="en">Copyright ©; 2025, Eco-vector</copyright-statement><copyright-statement xml:lang="ru">Copyright ©; 2025, Эко-вектор</copyright-statement><copyright-year>2025</copyright-year><copyright-holder xml:lang="en">Eco-vector</copyright-holder><copyright-holder xml:lang="ru">Эко-вектор</copyright-holder><ali:free_to_read xmlns:ali="http://www.niso.org/schemas/ali/1.0/" start_date="2028-08-06"/></permissions><self-uri xlink:href="https://rjeid.com/1560-9529/article/view/643498">https://rjeid.com/1560-9529/article/view/643498</self-uri><abstract xml:lang="en"><p>This review presents current aspects of the epidemiology, diagnosis, and prevention of viral hepatitis B with an emphasis on the laboratory profile of its latent form. Data on infection rates in household clusters across different regions are presented: 30% in the Republic of Uzbekistan and 78% in the Republic of Sakha (Yakutia), confirming the risk of intrafamilial transmission.</p> <p>Trends in hepatitis B incidence in the Republic of Tatarstan were analyzed in the context of mass vaccination, showing a decline in 2023 compared with 2011.</p> <p>Data on the prevalence of serologic markers of hepatitis B among blood donors and HIV-positive patients are presented for both the Russian Federation and other countries. According to data from the Federal Medical-Biological Agency for 2015–2019, hepatitis B virus markers were detected in 49.8% ± 8.2% of blood donors in the Russian Federation and in 83% of donors in the Republic of Guinea. Additionally, the frequency of anti-HBcor detection in the absence of HBsAg among donors ranged from 0% (United Kingdom) to 48% (China), and from 6% to 21% in some regions of Russia.</p> <p>Screening of HIV-positive patients for hepatitis B virus infection revealed a widespread presence of its markers across various regions worldwide. The prevalence ranged from 2.3% to 32.3% in African countries, up to 12% in Colombia, 3.2% in Argentina and 3.8% in Brazil. In the Russian Federation, the prevalence of hepatitis B virus markers among HIV-positive patients was 9.4% in the Republic of Tyva and reached 79.6% in the Northwestern Federal District.</p> <p>Particular attention is given to the latent form of hepatitis B in HIV-positive patients undergoing antiretroviral therapy, including regimens containing agents active against hepatitis B virus.</p></abstract><trans-abstract xml:lang="ru"><p>В обзоре представлены актуальные аспекты эпидемиологии, диагностики и профилактики вирусного гепатита В, с акцентом на лабораторный профиль его латентной формы. Представлены данные по частоте инфицирования в семейных очагах на разных территориях: от 30 до 78% в Республике Узбекистан и Республике Саха (Якутия) соответственно, подтверждающие наличие риска внутрисемейной передачи.</p> <p>Проанализирована динамика заболеваемости гепатитом В в Республике Татарстан на фоне массовой вакцинации: отмечено снижение показателей в 2023 году в сравнении с 2011 годом.</p> <p>Представлены сведения о распространённости серологических маркёров гепатита В среди доноров и ВИЧ-позитивных пациентов как в Российской Федерации, так и в других странах. По данным Федерального медико-биологического агентства за 2015–2019 гг., маркёры вируса гепатита В выявляли в 49,8±8,2% случаев у доноров крови, а в Гвинейской Республике — в 83%. Кроме того, частота обнаружения anti-HBcor при отсутствии HBsAg среди доноров варьировала от 0 (Великобритания) до 48% (Китай), а в некоторых регионах России — от 6 до 21%.</p> <p>Скрининг ВИЧ-позитивных пациентов на наличие инфекции, вызванной вирусом гепатита В, позволил определить широкое распространение его маркёров в различных регионах мира. В странах Африки показатели варьировали от 2,3 до 32,3%, в Колумбии до 12%, в Аргентине — 3,2%, в Бразилии — 3,8%. В Российской Федерации частота выявления маркёров вируса гепатита В среди ВИЧ-позитивных пациентов составила 9,4% в Республике Тыва и достигала 79,6% в Северо-Западном федеральном округе.</p> <p>Особое внимание уделено латентной форме гепатита В у ВИЧ-позитивных пациентов на фоне антиретровирусной терапии, включая схемы с препаратами, активными против вируса гепатита В.</p></trans-abstract><kwd-group xml:lang="en"><kwd>hepatitis B</kwd><kwd>HIV infection</kwd><kwd>blood donors</kwd><kwd>review</kwd></kwd-group><kwd-group xml:lang="ru"><kwd>гепатит В</kwd><kwd>ВИЧ-инфекция</kwd><kwd>доноры</kwd><kwd>обзор</kwd></kwd-group><funding-group/></article-meta></front><body></body><back><ref-list><ref id="B1"><label>1.</label><mixed-citation>Mirojov GK. Interaction of Hepatitis Viruses (HBV, HDV, HCV) With Their Combined Infection in the Development of Chronic Diffusive Liver Damages. Problems of Gastroenterology. 2022;(1):12–16. 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