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<article xmlns:mml="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" xmlns:xlink="http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink" xmlns:xsi="http://www.w3.org/2001/XMLSchema-instance" xmlns:ali="http://www.niso.org/schemas/ali/1.0/" article-type="research-article" dtd-version="1.2" xml:lang="en"><front><journal-meta><journal-id journal-id-type="publisher-id">Epidemiology and Infectious Diseases</journal-id><journal-title-group><journal-title xml:lang="en">Epidemiology and Infectious Diseases</journal-title><trans-title-group xml:lang="ru"><trans-title>Эпидемиология и инфекционные болезни</trans-title></trans-title-group></journal-title-group><issn publication-format="print">3034-2007</issn><issn publication-format="electronic">3034-2015</issn><publisher><publisher-name xml:lang="en">Eco-Vector</publisher-name></publisher></journal-meta><article-meta><article-id pub-id-type="publisher-id">630335</article-id><article-id pub-id-type="doi">10.17816/EID630335</article-id><article-categories><subj-group subj-group-type="toc-heading" xml:lang="en"><subject>Case reports</subject></subj-group><subj-group subj-group-type="toc-heading" xml:lang="ru"><subject>Клинические случаи</subject></subj-group><subj-group subj-group-type="article-type"><subject>Research Article</subject></subj-group></article-categories><title-group><article-title xml:lang="en">Difficulties in diagnosing rabies using the example of a clinical case in the Omsk region</article-title><trans-title-group xml:lang="ru"><trans-title>Сложности диагностики бешенства на примере клинического случая в Омской области</trans-title></trans-title-group></title-group><contrib-group><contrib contrib-type="author"><contrib-id contrib-id-type="orcid">https://orcid.org/0000-0003-0495-3645</contrib-id><contrib-id contrib-id-type="spin">8647-3727</contrib-id><name-alternatives><name xml:lang="en"><surname>Puzyreva</surname><given-names>Larisa V.</given-names></name><name xml:lang="ru"><surname>Пузырёва</surname><given-names>Лариса Владимировна</given-names></name></name-alternatives><address><country country="RU">Russian Federation</country></address><bio xml:lang="en"><p>MD, Dr. Sci. (Medicine)</p></bio><bio xml:lang="ru"><p>д-р мед. наук</p></bio><email>puzirevalv@mail.ru</email><xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff1"/><xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff2"/></contrib><contrib contrib-type="author"><contrib-id contrib-id-type="orcid">https://orcid.org/0000-0002-8217-5159</contrib-id><contrib-id contrib-id-type="spin">5820-0815</contrib-id><name-alternatives><name xml:lang="en"><surname>Poleshchuk</surname><given-names>Elena M.</given-names></name><name xml:lang="ru"><surname>Полещук</surname><given-names>Елена Михайловна</given-names></name></name-alternatives><address><country country="RU">Russian Federation</country></address><bio xml:lang="en"><p>Cand. Sci. (Biology)</p></bio><bio xml:lang="ru"><p>канд. биол. наук</p></bio><email>e-poleschuk@yandex.ru</email><xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff3"/></contrib><contrib contrib-type="author"><name-alternatives><name xml:lang="en"><surname>Bardina</surname><given-names>Nina V.</given-names></name><name xml:lang="ru"><surname>Бардина</surname><given-names>Нина Владимировна</given-names></name></name-alternatives><address><country country="RU">Russian Federation</country></address><bio xml:lang="en"><p>MD</p></bio><email>nina.bardina.1974@mail.ru</email><xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff2"/></contrib><contrib contrib-type="author"><contrib-id contrib-id-type="orcid">https://orcid.org/0000-0002-7489-3089</contrib-id><contrib-id contrib-id-type="spin">3327-8337</contrib-id><name-alternatives><name xml:lang="en"><surname>Vasilyeva</surname><given-names>Olga V.</given-names></name><name xml:lang="ru"><surname>Васильева</surname><given-names>Ольга Валентиновна</given-names></name></name-alternatives><address><country country="RU">Russian Federation</country></address><bio xml:lang="en"><p>MD, Cand. Sci. (Medicine)</p></bio><bio xml:lang="ru"><p>канд. мед. наук</p></bio><email>ovomsk55@mail.ru</email><xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff4"/></contrib><contrib contrib-type="author"><contrib-id contrib-id-type="orcid">https://orcid.org/0000-0002-8344-7726</contrib-id><contrib-id contrib-id-type="spin">7426-2435</contrib-id><name-alternatives><name xml:lang="en"><surname>Sidorov</surname><given-names>Gennady N.</given-names></name><name xml:lang="ru"><surname>Сидоров</surname><given-names>Геннадий Николаевич</given-names></name></name-alternatives><address><country country="RU">Russian Federation</country></address><bio xml:lang="en"><p>Dr. Sci. (Biology), Professor</p></bio><bio xml:lang="ru"><p>д-р биол. наук, профессор</p></bio><email>g.n.sidorov@mail.ru</email><xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff3"/><xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff5"/></contrib><contrib contrib-type="author"><name-alternatives><name xml:lang="en"><surname>Sergunova</surname><given-names>Marina A.</given-names></name><name xml:lang="ru"><surname>Сергунова</surname><given-names>Марина Андреевна</given-names></name></name-alternatives><address><country country="RU">Russian Federation</country></address><bio xml:lang="en"><p>MD</p></bio><email>savkina_es@oniipi.org</email><xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff2"/></contrib><contrib contrib-type="author"><contrib-id contrib-id-type="orcid">https://orcid.org/0000-0002-3828-3750</contrib-id><name-alternatives><name xml:lang="en"><surname>Tolokh</surname><given-names>Inna M.</given-names></name><name xml:lang="ru"><surname>Толох</surname><given-names>Инна Михайловна</given-names></name></name-alternatives><address><country country="RU">Russian Federation</country></address><email>inna.tolox@mail.ru</email><xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff2"/></contrib><contrib contrib-type="author"><contrib-id contrib-id-type="orcid">https://orcid.org/0000-0001-8024-5021</contrib-id><name-alternatives><name xml:lang="en"><surname>Semenova</surname><given-names>Tatyana G.</given-names></name><name xml:lang="ru"><surname>Семенова</surname><given-names>Татьяна Геннадьевна</given-names></name></name-alternatives><address><country country="RU">Russian Federation</country></address><email>savkina_es@oniipi.org</email><xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff6"/></contrib><contrib contrib-type="author"><contrib-id contrib-id-type="orcid">https://orcid.org/0000-0002-4434-1734</contrib-id><contrib-id contrib-id-type="spin">5268-1588</contrib-id><name-alternatives><name xml:lang="en"><surname>Savkina</surname><given-names>Ekaterina S.</given-names></name><name xml:lang="ru"><surname>Савкина</surname><given-names>Екатерина Сергеевна</given-names></name></name-alternatives><address><country country="RU">Russian Federation</country></address><email>savkina_es@oniipi.org</email><xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff3"/></contrib><contrib contrib-type="author"><contrib-id contrib-id-type="orcid">https://orcid.org/0000-0001-9890-1031</contrib-id><contrib-id contrib-id-type="spin">3117-8039</contrib-id><name-alternatives><name xml:lang="en"><surname>Tagakova</surname><given-names>Daria N.</given-names></name><name xml:lang="ru"><surname>Тагакова</surname><given-names>Дарья Николаевна</given-names></name></name-alternatives><address><country country="RU">Russian Federation</country></address><email>tagakova_dn@oniipi.org</email><xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff1"/><xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff3"/></contrib><contrib contrib-type="author"><name-alternatives><name xml:lang="en"><surname>Bukareva</surname><given-names>Yulia V.</given-names></name><name xml:lang="ru"><surname>Букарева</surname><given-names>Юлия Владимировна</given-names></name></name-alternatives><address><country country="RU">Russian Federation</country></address><bio xml:lang="en"><p>MD</p></bio><email>bukareva.j@mail.ru</email><xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff2"/></contrib><contrib contrib-type="author"><name-alternatives><name xml:lang="en"><surname>Sheveleva</surname><given-names>Irina A.</given-names></name><name xml:lang="ru"><surname>Шевелева</surname><given-names>Ирина Анатольевна</given-names></name></name-alternatives><address><country country="RU">Russian Federation</country></address><bio xml:lang="en"><p>MD</p></bio><email>irenashev55@mail.ru</email><xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff2"/></contrib><contrib contrib-type="author"><name-alternatives><name xml:lang="en"><surname>Petrovskaya</surname><given-names>Olga V.</given-names></name><name xml:lang="ru"><surname>Петровская</surname><given-names>Ольга Васильевна</given-names></name></name-alternatives><address><country country="RU">Russian Federation</country></address><email>oso@55.rospotrebnadzor.ru</email><xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff7"/></contrib><contrib contrib-type="author"><name-alternatives><name xml:lang="en"><surname>Pnevsky</surname><given-names>Yuri A.</given-names></name><name xml:lang="ru"><surname>Пневский</surname><given-names>Юрий Александрович</given-names></name></name-alternatives><address><country country="RU">Russian Federation</country></address><email>oso@55.rospotrebnadzor.ru</email><xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff7"/></contrib><contrib contrib-type="author"><name-alternatives><name xml:lang="en"><surname>Tkacheva</surname><given-names>Marina G.</given-names></name><name xml:lang="ru"><surname>Ткачева</surname><given-names>Марина Геннадьевна</given-names></name></name-alternatives><address><country country="RU">Russian Federation</country></address><email>savkina_es@oniipi.org</email><xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff8"/></contrib></contrib-group><aff-alternatives id="aff1"><aff><institution xml:lang="en">Omsk State Medical University</institution></aff><aff><institution xml:lang="ru">Омский государственный медицинский университет</institution></aff></aff-alternatives><aff-alternatives id="aff2"><aff><institution xml:lang="en">Infectious Diseases Clinical Hospital No. 1 named after D.M. Dolmatov</institution></aff><aff><institution xml:lang="ru">Инфекционная клиническая больница № 1 имени Далматова Д.М.</institution></aff></aff-alternatives><aff-alternatives id="aff3"><aff><institution xml:lang="en">Omsk Research Institute of Natural Focal Infections</institution></aff><aff><institution xml:lang="ru">Омский научно-исследовательский институт природно-очаговых инфекций</institution></aff></aff-alternatives><aff-alternatives id="aff4"><aff><institution xml:lang="en">City Clinical Hospital No. 11</institution></aff><aff><institution xml:lang="ru">Городская клиническая больница № 11</institution></aff></aff-alternatives><aff-alternatives id="aff5"><aff><institution xml:lang="en">Omsk State Pedagogical University</institution></aff><aff><institution xml:lang="ru">Омский государственный педагогический университет</institution></aff></aff-alternatives><aff-alternatives id="aff6"><aff><institution xml:lang="en">Clinical Psychiatric Hospital named after N.N. Solodnikov</institution></aff><aff><institution xml:lang="ru">Клиническая психиатрическая больница имени Н.Н. Солодникова</institution></aff></aff-alternatives><aff-alternatives id="aff7"><aff><institution xml:lang="en">Office of the Federal Service for Supervision of Consumer Rights Protection and Human Welfare in the Omsk Region</institution></aff><aff><institution xml:lang="ru">Управление Федеральной службы по надзору в сфере защиты прав потребителей и благополучия человека по Омской области</institution></aff></aff-alternatives><aff-alternatives id="aff8"><aff><institution xml:lang="en">Kolosovskaya Central District Hospital</institution></aff><aff><institution xml:lang="ru">Колосовская центральная районная больница</institution></aff></aff-alternatives><pub-date date-type="preprint" iso-8601-date="2024-06-27" publication-format="electronic"><day>27</day><month>06</month><year>2024</year></pub-date><pub-date date-type="pub" iso-8601-date="2024-07-15" publication-format="electronic"><day>15</day><month>07</month><year>2024</year></pub-date><volume>29</volume><issue>3</issue><issue-title xml:lang="en"/><issue-title xml:lang="ru"/><fpage>215</fpage><lpage>228</lpage><history><date date-type="received" iso-8601-date="2024-04-15"><day>15</day><month>04</month><year>2024</year></date><date date-type="accepted" iso-8601-date="2024-05-20"><day>20</day><month>05</month><year>2024</year></date></history><permissions><copyright-statement xml:lang="en">Copyright ©; 2024, Eco-vector</copyright-statement><copyright-statement xml:lang="ru">Copyright ©; 2024, Эко-вектор</copyright-statement><copyright-year>2024</copyright-year><copyright-holder xml:lang="en">Eco-vector</copyright-holder><copyright-holder xml:lang="ru">Эко-вектор</copyright-holder><ali:free_to_read xmlns:ali="http://www.niso.org/schemas/ali/1.0/" start_date="2027-06-27"/><license><ali:license_ref xmlns:ali="http://www.niso.org/schemas/ali/1.0/">https://eco-vector.com/en/for_authors.php#07</ali:license_ref></license></permissions><self-uri xlink:href="https://rjeid.com/1560-9529/article/view/630335">https://rjeid.com/1560-9529/article/view/630335</self-uri><abstract xml:lang="en"><p>Rabies is the deadliest zoonotic disease caused by the rabies virus, a member of the genus <italic>Lyssavirus</italic>. The disease occurs after a bite from a wild or domestic animal.</p> <p>The paper presents a clinical case of rabies with early diagnostic difficulties, particularlyclinical, epidemiological, and laboratory diagnostic features, in a patient suffering from alcoholism. The victim sought medical help 20 days after the dog bite. On day 29, a hydrophobia clinic was observed. The patient exhibited signs of visual and auditory hallucinations, aggressiveness, and disorientation in place and time, which resembled the development of alcoholic psychosis. Saliva samples were collected on day 3 of the disease, and its polymerase chain reaction test was negative for rabies virus. On day 29, the patient died. The diagnosis of rabies was confirmed antemortem and posthumously. The virus was detected in the saliva on day 9 of the disease and posthumously in the cerebral cortex, medulla oblongata, cerebellum, and salivary glands. Histologically, Babesh–Negri bodies were found in the brain tissue. Necessary preventive measures were implemented.</p> <p>The unfavorable outcome in the described case of rabies emphasizes the lack of awareness of the population (especially rural) about the risk of contracting rabies infection through contact with animals and the importance of timely post-exposure prophylaxis. Timely anti-rabies care remains the only effective means of preventing related deaths.</p></abstract><trans-abstract xml:lang="ru"><p>Бешенство — это наиболее смертоносное зоонозное заболевание, вызываемое вирусом бешенства, представителем рода <italic>Lyssavirus</italic>. Заболевание возникает после укуса диким или домашним животным.</p> <p>Коллективом авторов представлен клинический случай бешенства со сложностями ранней диагностики заболевания у пациента, страдающего алкоголизмом, особенностями клинико-эпидемиологической и лабораторной диагностики. Пострадавший обратился за медицинской помощью спустя 20 дней от момента укуса собакой. На 20-й день наблюдалась клиническая картина гидрофобии. Появились признаки зрительных и слуховых галлюцинаций, агрессивность, дезориентация в месте и времени, что напоминало развитие алкогольного психоза. При исследовании методом полимеразной цепной реакции на вирус бешенства образцов слюны, собранных на 3-и сутки заболевания, получен отрицательный результат. На 29-й день наступила смерть больного. Диагноз бешенства подтверждён прижизненно и посмертно. Вирус обнаружен в слюне на 9-е сутки заболевания и посмертно в коре головного мозга, продолговатом мозге, мозжечке, слюнных железах. Гистологически в тканях мозга выявлены тельца Бабеша–Негри. Необходимые профилактические мероприятия проведены в полном объёме.</p> <p>Неблагоприятный исход в описанном случае заболевания бешенством подчеркивает недостаточную осведомлённость населения (особенно сельского) о риске заражения рабической инфекцией при контактах с животными и важность своевременной постконтактной профилактики. Своевременная антирабическая помощь остаётся единственным эффективным средством предотвращения гибели людей от этого заболевания.</p></trans-abstract><kwd-group xml:lang="en"><kwd>rabies</kwd><kwd>Omsk region</kwd><kwd>intravital and postmortem diagnosis</kwd><kwd>polymerase chain reaction</kwd><kwd>fluorescent antibody technique</kwd><kwd>Negri bodies</kwd><kwd>case report</kwd></kwd-group><kwd-group xml:lang="ru"><kwd>бешенство</kwd><kwd>Омская область</kwd><kwd>прижизненная и посмертная диагностика</kwd><kwd>полимеразная цепная реакция</kwd><kwd>метод флуоресцирующих антител</kwd><kwd>тельца Бабеша–Негри</kwd><kwd>клинический случай</kwd></kwd-group><funding-group/></article-meta></front><body></body><back><ref-list><ref id="B1"><label>1.</label><citation-alternatives><mixed-citation xml:lang="en">WHO Expert Consultation on Rabies: Third report (WHO technical report series; no. 1012). Geneva: World Health Organization; 2018. 191 p. 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