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<article xmlns:mml="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" xmlns:xlink="http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink" xmlns:xsi="http://www.w3.org/2001/XMLSchema-instance" xmlns:ali="http://www.niso.org/schemas/ali/1.0/" article-type="research-article" dtd-version="1.2" xml:lang="en"><front><journal-meta><journal-id journal-id-type="publisher-id">Epidemiology and Infectious Diseases</journal-id><journal-title-group><journal-title xml:lang="en">Epidemiology and Infectious Diseases</journal-title><trans-title-group xml:lang="ru"><trans-title>Эпидемиология и инфекционные болезни</trans-title></trans-title-group></journal-title-group><issn publication-format="print">3034-2007</issn><issn publication-format="electronic">3034-2015</issn><publisher><publisher-name xml:lang="en">Eco-Vector</publisher-name></publisher></journal-meta><article-meta><article-id pub-id-type="publisher-id">624221</article-id><article-id pub-id-type="doi">10.17816/EID624221</article-id><article-categories><subj-group subj-group-type="toc-heading" xml:lang="en"><subject>Original study articles</subject></subj-group><subj-group subj-group-type="toc-heading" xml:lang="ru"><subject>Оригинальные исследования</subject></subj-group><subj-group subj-group-type="article-type"><subject>Research Article</subject></subj-group></article-categories><title-group><article-title xml:lang="en">Modern features of legionellosis</article-title><trans-title-group xml:lang="ru"><trans-title>Современные особенности легионеллёза</trans-title></trans-title-group></title-group><contrib-group><contrib contrib-type="author"><contrib-id contrib-id-type="orcid">https://orcid.org/0000-0002-4979-8768</contrib-id><contrib-id contrib-id-type="scopus">254030</contrib-id><contrib-id contrib-id-type="spin">2066-2690</contrib-id><name-alternatives><name xml:lang="en"><surname>Avdeeva</surname><given-names>Marina G.</given-names></name><name xml:lang="ru"><surname>Авдеева</surname><given-names>Марина Геннадьевна</given-names></name></name-alternatives><address><country country="RU">Russian Federation</country></address><bio xml:lang="en"><p>MD, Dr. Sci. (Med.), Professor</p></bio><bio xml:lang="ru"><p>доктор медицинских наук, профессор</p></bio><email>avdeevam@mail.ru</email><xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff1"/></contrib><contrib contrib-type="author"><contrib-id contrib-id-type="orcid">https://orcid.org/0000-0003-1401-6970</contrib-id><contrib-id contrib-id-type="spin">9489-0057</contrib-id><name-alternatives><name xml:lang="en"><surname>Moshkova</surname><given-names>Dar’ya Yu.</given-names></name><name xml:lang="ru"><surname>Мошкова</surname><given-names>Дарья Юрьевна</given-names></name></name-alternatives><address><country country="RU">Russian Federation</country></address><bio xml:lang="en"><p>MD, Cand. Sci. (Med.), Assistant Professor</p></bio><bio xml:lang="ru"><p>кандидат медицинских наук, доцент</p></bio><email>Mrs_darya@mail.ru</email><xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff1"/></contrib><contrib contrib-type="author"><contrib-id contrib-id-type="orcid">https://orcid.org/0000-0002-0055-1764</contrib-id><contrib-id contrib-id-type="spin">1164-7038</contrib-id><name-alternatives><name xml:lang="en"><surname>Blazhnyaya</surname><given-names>Lyudmila P.</given-names></name><name xml:lang="ru"><surname>Блажняя</surname><given-names>Людмила Павловна</given-names></name></name-alternatives><address><country country="RU">Russian Federation</country></address><bio xml:lang="en"><p>MD, Cand. Sci. (Med.), Assistant Professor</p></bio><bio xml:lang="ru"><p>кандидат медицинских наук, доцент</p></bio><email>p-blazhnyaya@mail.ru</email><xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff1"/></contrib><contrib contrib-type="author"><contrib-id contrib-id-type="orcid">https://orcid.org/0000-0003-1817-6664</contrib-id><contrib-id contrib-id-type="spin">8090-3715</contrib-id><name-alternatives><name xml:lang="en"><surname>Kulbuzheva</surname><given-names>Makka I.</given-names></name><name xml:lang="ru"><surname>Кулбужева</surname><given-names>Макка Ибрагимовна</given-names></name></name-alternatives><address><country country="RU">Russian Federation</country></address><bio xml:lang="en"><p>MD, Cand. Sci. (Med.), Associate Professor</p></bio><bio xml:lang="ru"><p>кандидат медицинских наук, доцент</p></bio><email>kulbuzhevamakka@yandex.ru</email><xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff1"/></contrib><contrib contrib-type="author"><contrib-id contrib-id-type="orcid">https://orcid.org/0000-0001-7417-8897</contrib-id><name-alternatives><name xml:lang="en"><surname>Ilin</surname><given-names>Oleg I.</given-names></name><name xml:lang="ru"><surname>Ильин</surname><given-names>Олег Игоревич</given-names></name></name-alternatives><address><country country="RU">Russian Federation</country></address><bio xml:lang="en"><p>department assistant</p></bio><bio xml:lang="ru"><p>ассистент кафедры инфекционных болезней и фтизиопульмонологии</p></bio><email>ilinolegg@gmail.com</email><xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff1"/></contrib><contrib contrib-type="author"><contrib-id contrib-id-type="orcid">https://orcid.org/0000-0002-5732-8328</contrib-id><contrib-id contrib-id-type="spin">1708-1267</contrib-id><name-alternatives><name xml:lang="en"><surname>Konchakova</surname><given-names>Catherine A.</given-names></name><name xml:lang="ru"><surname>Кончакова</surname><given-names>Екатерина Александровна</given-names></name></name-alternatives><address><country country="RU">Russian Federation</country></address><email>konchakova01@mail.ru</email><xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff1"/></contrib><contrib contrib-type="author"><contrib-id contrib-id-type="orcid">https://orcid.org/0009-0009-0013-3886</contrib-id><name-alternatives><name xml:lang="en"><surname>Shoparov</surname><given-names>Arthur M.</given-names></name><name xml:lang="ru"><surname>Шопаров</surname><given-names>Артур Мусабиевич</given-names></name></name-alternatives><address><country country="RU">Russian Federation</country></address><email>shkiiper@icloud.com</email><xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff1"/></contrib><contrib contrib-type="author"><contrib-id contrib-id-type="orcid">https://orcid.org/0009-0002-2130-2924</contrib-id><name-alternatives><name xml:lang="en"><surname>Ivanova</surname><given-names>Anastasia A.</given-names></name><name xml:lang="ru"><surname>Иванова</surname><given-names>Анастасия Андреевна</given-names></name></name-alternatives><address><country country="RU">Russian Federation</country></address><email>ivanek126@gmail.com</email><xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff1"/></contrib><contrib contrib-type="author"><contrib-id contrib-id-type="orcid">https://orcid.org/0009-0007-2628-4012</contrib-id><name-alternatives><name xml:lang="en"><surname>Ryabtseva</surname><given-names>Pauline S.</given-names></name><name xml:lang="ru"><surname>Рябцева</surname><given-names>Полина Сергеевна</given-names></name></name-alternatives><address><country country="RU">Russian Federation</country></address><email>ryabtsevap@bk.ru</email><xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff1"/></contrib></contrib-group><aff-alternatives id="aff1"><aff><institution xml:lang="en">Kuban State Medical University</institution></aff><aff><institution xml:lang="ru">Кубанский государственный медицинский университет</institution></aff></aff-alternatives><pub-date date-type="preprint" iso-8601-date="2024-02-28" publication-format="electronic"><day>28</day><month>02</month><year>2024</year></pub-date><pub-date date-type="pub" iso-8601-date="2024-03-01" publication-format="electronic"><day>01</day><month>03</month><year>2024</year></pub-date><volume>29</volume><issue>1</issue><issue-title xml:lang="en"/><issue-title xml:lang="ru"/><fpage>40</fpage><lpage>53</lpage><history><date date-type="received" iso-8601-date="2023-12-04"><day>04</day><month>12</month><year>2023</year></date><date date-type="accepted" iso-8601-date="2023-12-27"><day>27</day><month>12</month><year>2023</year></date></history><permissions><copyright-statement xml:lang="en">Copyright ©; 2024, Eco-vector</copyright-statement><copyright-statement xml:lang="ru">Copyright ©; 2024, Эко-вектор</copyright-statement><copyright-year>2024</copyright-year><copyright-holder xml:lang="en">Eco-vector</copyright-holder><copyright-holder xml:lang="ru">Эко-вектор</copyright-holder><ali:free_to_read xmlns:ali="http://www.niso.org/schemas/ali/1.0/" start_date="2027-03-01"/></permissions><self-uri xlink:href="https://rjeid.com/1560-9529/article/view/624221">https://rjeid.com/1560-9529/article/view/624221</self-uri><abstract xml:lang="en"><p><bold>BACKGROUND</bold>: Community-acquired Legionella pneumonia, classified as atypical pneumonia, is an important problem worldwide. Late initiation of etiotropic therapy for Legionnaires’ disease worsens the prognosis and increases the risk of death.</p> <p><bold>AIM:</bold> To clinically and epidemiologically characterize Legionnaires’ disease using data on its incidence in the Krasnodar region and to attract the attention of doctors to its timely diagnosis and the prescription of adequate etiotropic therapy.</p> <p><bold>MATERIALS AND METHODS:</bold> A hospital cohort of 26 patients who were hospitalized between 2017 and 2022 was studied for legionellosis, which was confirmed in the laboratory by the detection of Legionella antigen in the urine using immunochromatography.</p> <p><bold>RESULTS:</bold> The Krasnodar region is characterized by a sporadic incidence of legionellosis, which tends to increase in periods with high average humidity. Cases of legionellosis are recorded throughout the year, with peaks in summer and winter. The rise in incidence shifts annually and follows the month with the highest rainfall and average monthly temperature &gt;20°C. Severe and moderate courses of legionellosis typically occur in men aged &gt;50 years, with comorbid pathology and accompanied by lung damage of varying severity levels. Some patients may experience diarrhea (11.5%) and transient liver and kidney dysfunction. The nature of lung damage, such as polysegmental pneumonia, does not have clear clinical differential diagnostics, which makes early diagnosis difficult. An epidemiological anamnesis indicating contact with aerosol water, soil, and air conditioning systems has important diagnostic significance. Seeking specialized medical care after the 7th day of illness increases the risk of developing severe disease with complications.</p> <p><bold>CONCLUSIONS:</bold> In severe community-acquired pneumonia, the epidemiological history must be considered, kidney and liver function should be assessed, a urine test must conducted for Legionella antigens, and early empirical therapy with fluoroquinolones and macrolides must be initiated.</p></abstract><trans-abstract xml:lang="ru"><p><bold>Обоснование.</bold> Внебольничная легионеллёзная пневмония, относящаяся к группе атипичных пневмоний, является важной проблемой во всем мире. Позднее начало этиотропной терапии при болезни легионеров ухудшает прогноз и увеличивает риск летального исхода.</p> <p><bold>Цель исследования — </bold>клинико-эпидемиологическая характеристика болезни легионеров на примере заболеваемости в Краснодарском крае и привлечение внимания врачей к своевременной диагностике легионеллёза и назначению адекватной этиотропной терапии.</p> <p><bold>Материалы и методы.</bold> Исследована госпитальная когорта из 26 пациентов, находившихся на стационарном лечении в период с 2017 по 2022 год по поводу легионеллёза, подтверждённого лабораторно обнаружением легионеллёзного антигена в моче иммунохроматографическим методом.</p> <p><bold>Результаты.</bold> Для Краснодарского края характерна спорадическая заболеваемость легионеллёзом, с тенденцией к росту в годы с высокой средней влажностью. Случаи легионеллёза регистрируются круглогодично с пиками в летний и зимний периоды. Подъём заболеваемости смещается в разные годы и следует за месяцем с наибольшим количеством осадков и среднемесячной температурой выше 20 °С. Тяжёлое и среднетяжёлое течение легионеллёза характерны для мужчин старше 50 лет с коморбидной патологией, сопровождаются поражением лёгких разной степени тяжести, у части больных может наблюдаться диарея (11,5%), преходящие нарушения функции печени и почек. Характер поражения лёгких в виде полисегментарной пневмонии не имеет чётких клинических дифференциально-диагностических отличий, что затрудняет раннюю диагностику заболевания. Важное диагностическое значение приобретает эпидемиологический анамнез с указанием на контакт с аэрозольной водой и почвой, системами кондиционирования. Обращение за специализированной медицинской помощью после 7-го дня болезни повышает риск развития тяжёлых форм заболевания с формированием осложнений.</p> <p><bold>Заключение.</bold> При тяжёлой внебольничной пневмонии рекомендуется учитывать эпидемиологический анамнез, оценивать функцию почек, печени, проводить исследование мочи на легионеллёзный антиген и назначать раннюю эмпирическую терапии фторхинолонами и макролидами.</p></trans-abstract><kwd-group xml:lang="en"><kwd>Legionnaires' disease</kwd><kwd>legionellosis</kwd><kwd>epidemiology</kwd><kwd>clinic</kwd><kwd>diagnostics</kwd><kwd>treatment</kwd></kwd-group><kwd-group xml:lang="ru"><kwd>болезнь легионеров</kwd><kwd>легионеллез</kwd><kwd>эпидемиология</kwd><kwd>клиника</kwd><kwd>диагностика</kwd><kwd>лечение</kwd></kwd-group><funding-group/></article-meta></front><body></body><back><ref-list><ref id="B1"><label>1.</label><citation-alternatives><mixed-citation xml:lang="en">Graham FF, Finn N, White P, Hales S, Baker MG. 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