Epidemiology and Infectious DiseasesEpidemiology and Infectious DiseasesЭпидемиология и инфекционные болезни3034-20073034-2015Eco-Vector61099510.17816/EID610995ReviewsНаучные обзорыReview ArticleEpidemiology, course and predictors of long-term COVID infection (long COVID): A reviewЭпидемиология, течение и прогностические признаки длительной COVID-инфекции (лонг-ковида): научный обзорhttps://orcid.org/0000-0003-3766-18686583-0476TsygankovaAnna E.ЦыганковаАнна Эдуардовна
Russian Federation

Assistant at the Department of Infectious Diseases, infectious disease specialist

ассистент кафедры инфекционных болезней Института клинической медицины им. Н.В. Склифосовского, врач-инфекционист

anna.tsygankova.inf@gmail.comhttps://orcid.org/0000-0003-4549-71721417414742-1459GerasimovAndrey N.ГерасимовАндрей Николаевич
Russian Federation

MD, Dr. Sci. (Phys.-Math.), Associate Professor

доктор физико-математических наук, доцент

andr-gerasim@yandex.ruhttps://orcid.org/0000-0002-6157-16544790-8986MalovValerii A.МаловВалерий Анатольевич
Russian Federation

MD, Dr. Sci. (Med.), Professor

доктор медицинских наук, профессор

valmalov@list.ruhttps://orcid.org/0000-0001-8496-39876931391561-9961DarvinaOlga V.ДарвинаОльга Валерьевна
Russian Federation

MD, Cand. Sci. (Med.)

кандидат медицинских наук

oldarmir@mail.ruhttps://orcid.org/0000-0003-4581-45103342-4681VolchkovaElena V.ВолчковаЕлена Васильевна
Russian Federation

MD, Dr. Sci (Med.), Professor

доктор медицинских наук, профессор

antononina@rambler.ruhttps://orcid.org/0000-0001-6303-92934936872336-4545ChulanovVladimir P.ЧулановВладимир Петрович
Russian Federation

MD, Dr. Sci. (Med.), Professor

доктор медицинских наук, профессор

vladimir@chulanov.ruI.M. Sechenov First Moscow State Medical University (Sechenov University)Первый Московский государственный медицинский университет имени И.М. Сеченова (Сеченовский Университет)Infectious Diseases Clinical Hospital No. 2Инфекционная клиническая больница № 2Central Research Institute of EpidemiologyЦентральный научно-исследовательский институт эпидемиологииI.M. Sechenov First Moscow State Medical University (Sechenov University)Первый Московский государственный медицинский университет имени И.М. Сеченова (Сеченовский Университет)280220240103202429164731710202312122023Copyright ©; 2024, Eco-vectorCopyright ©; 2024, Эко-вектор2024Eco-vectorЭко-векторhttps://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc-nd/4.0/https://rjeid.com/1560-9529/article/view/610995

The COVID-19 pandemic has posed a serious challenge to the healthcare system in the 21st century. At present, over 771 million cases have been reported worldwide. Apart from the acute symptoms, many patients experience long-term consequences of the infection, which greatly affect their quality of life. The collection of these long-term effects is called “long COVID.” Therefore, the consequences of COVID-19 must be studied to develop effective strategies for combating them. This review aimed to provide an overview of the history of long COVID and discuss the characteristics of contemporary terminology. This review also presents data on the prevalence of long COVID, primary symptoms, and risk factors and explores potential biomarkers, prognosis, and prospects for subsequent clinical trials.

Пандемия COVID-19 стала наиболее серьёзным вызовом для системы здравоохранения в XXI веке. Во всём мире на сегодняшний день зарегистрировано более 771 млн случаев заболевания. Помимо симптомов, характерных для острого периода заболевания, значительная часть пациентов сталкивается с долгосрочными последствиями перенесённой инфекции, которые значимо влияют на качество жизни. Долгосрочные последствия перенесённой инфекции COVID-19 были объединены под общим названием лонг-ковид. Их изучение необходимо для разработки профилактических мероприятий в целях предупреждения тяжёлых долгосрочных последствий, значительно влияющих на состояние здоровья населения. В данном литературном обзоре описана история появления термина «лонг-ковид», обсуждены особенности современной терминологии. Представлены данные о распространённости лонг-ковида, основных симптомах, факторах риска, а также обсуждены возможные биомаркеры, прогноз и перспективы для дальнейших клинических исследований.

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