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<article xmlns:mml="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" xmlns:xlink="http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink" xmlns:xsi="http://www.w3.org/2001/XMLSchema-instance" xmlns:ali="http://www.niso.org/schemas/ali/1.0/" article-type="research-article" dtd-version="1.2" xml:lang="en"><front><journal-meta><journal-id journal-id-type="publisher-id">Epidemiology and Infectious Diseases</journal-id><journal-title-group><journal-title xml:lang="en">Epidemiology and Infectious Diseases</journal-title><trans-title-group xml:lang="ru"><trans-title>Эпидемиология и инфекционные болезни</trans-title></trans-title-group></journal-title-group><issn publication-format="print">3034-2007</issn><issn publication-format="electronic">3034-2015</issn><publisher><publisher-name xml:lang="en">Eco-Vector</publisher-name></publisher></journal-meta><article-meta><article-id pub-id-type="publisher-id">448391</article-id><article-id pub-id-type="doi">10.17816/EID448391</article-id><article-categories><subj-group subj-group-type="toc-heading" xml:lang="en"><subject>Original study articles</subject></subj-group><subj-group subj-group-type="toc-heading" xml:lang="ru"><subject>Оригинальные исследования</subject></subj-group><subj-group subj-group-type="article-type"><subject>Research Article</subject></subj-group></article-categories><title-group><article-title xml:lang="en">Features of the profile of drug resistance to first-line and second-line anti-tuberculosis drugs in patients with human immunodeficiency virus infection</article-title><trans-title-group xml:lang="ru"><trans-title>Особенности профиля лекарственной устойчивости к противотуберкулёзным препаратам первого и второго ряда у пациентов с ВИЧ-инфекцией</trans-title></trans-title-group></title-group><contrib-group><contrib contrib-type="author"><contrib-id contrib-id-type="orcid">https://orcid.org/0000-0002-8215-8674</contrib-id><contrib-id contrib-id-type="spin">8985-3210</contrib-id><name-alternatives><name xml:lang="en"><surname>Bulycheva</surname><given-names>Ekaterina V.</given-names></name><name xml:lang="ru"><surname>Булычева</surname><given-names>Екатерина Владимировна</given-names></name></name-alternatives><address><country country="RU">Russian Federation</country></address><bio xml:lang="en"><p>MD, Cand. Sci. (Med.), Assistant Professor</p></bio><bio xml:lang="ru"><p>к.м.н.</p></bio><email>e-sosnina@mail.ru</email><xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff3"/></contrib><contrib contrib-type="author"><contrib-id contrib-id-type="orcid">https://orcid.org/0000-0001-5963-4380</contrib-id><name-alternatives><name xml:lang="en"><surname>Bulychev</surname><given-names>Vyacheslav V.</given-names></name><name xml:lang="ru"><surname>Булычев</surname><given-names>Вячеслав Владимирович</given-names></name></name-alternatives><address><country country="RU">Russian Federation</country></address><email>vbolychev@yandex.ru</email><xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff2"/></contrib><contrib contrib-type="author"><contrib-id contrib-id-type="orcid">https://orcid.org/0009-0005-5419-9574</contrib-id><name-alternatives><name xml:lang="en"><surname>Velichko</surname><given-names>Elena N.</given-names></name><name xml:lang="ru"><surname>Величко</surname><given-names>Елена Николаевна</given-names></name></name-alternatives><address><country country="RU">Russian Federation</country></address><email>lena.velichko.2012@mail.ru</email><xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff3"/></contrib><contrib contrib-type="author"><contrib-id contrib-id-type="orcid">https://orcid.org/0000-0002-1735-357X</contrib-id><name-alternatives><name xml:lang="en"><surname>Pashkova</surname><given-names>Nataya A.</given-names></name><name xml:lang="ru"><surname>Пашкова</surname><given-names>Наталья Анатольевна</given-names></name></name-alternatives><address><country country="RU">Russian Federation</country></address><email>pashkova.dom@mail.ru</email><xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff2"/></contrib></contrib-group><aff-alternatives id="aff1"><aff><institution xml:lang="en">Orenburg State Medical University</institution></aff><aff><institution xml:lang="ru">Оренбургский государственный медицинский университет</institution></aff><aff><institution xml:lang="kk"></institution></aff><aff><institution xml:lang="pt"></institution></aff><aff><institution xml:lang="zh"></institution></aff></aff-alternatives><aff-alternatives id="aff2"><aff><institution xml:lang="en">Orenburg Regional Clinical Tuberculosis Dispensary</institution></aff><aff><institution xml:lang="ru">Оренбургский областной клинический противотуберкулёзный диспансер</institution></aff></aff-alternatives><aff-alternatives id="aff3"><aff><institution xml:lang="en">Orenburg State Medical University</institution></aff><aff><institution xml:lang="ru">Оренбургский государственный медицинский университет</institution></aff></aff-alternatives><pub-date date-type="preprint" iso-8601-date="2023-07-11" publication-format="electronic"><day>11</day><month>07</month><year>2023</year></pub-date><pub-date date-type="pub" iso-8601-date="2023-09-08" publication-format="electronic"><day>08</day><month>09</month><year>2023</year></pub-date><volume>28</volume><issue>4</issue><issue-title xml:lang="en"/><issue-title xml:lang="ru"/><fpage>218</fpage><lpage>229</lpage><history><date date-type="received" iso-8601-date="2023-05-22"><day>22</day><month>05</month><year>2023</year></date><date date-type="accepted" iso-8601-date="2023-06-22"><day>22</day><month>06</month><year>2023</year></date></history><permissions><copyright-statement xml:lang="en">Copyright ©; 2023, Eco-vector</copyright-statement><copyright-statement xml:lang="ru">Copyright ©; 2023, Эко-вектор</copyright-statement><copyright-year>2023</copyright-year><copyright-holder xml:lang="en">Eco-vector</copyright-holder><copyright-holder xml:lang="ru">Эко-вектор</copyright-holder><ali:free_to_read xmlns:ali="http://www.niso.org/schemas/ali/1.0/" start_date="2026-09-08"/></permissions><self-uri xlink:href="https://rjeid.com/1560-9529/article/view/448391">https://rjeid.com/1560-9529/article/view/448391</self-uri><abstract xml:lang="en"><p><bold><italic>BACKGROUND</italic></bold><italic>:</italic> Drug resistance to anti-tuberculosis drugs directly affects the disease course. However, a high percentage of multidrug resistance in patients with HIV infection not only worsens the disease course but also forces the development of new strategies for managing such patients.</p> <p><bold><italic>AIMS</italic></bold><italic>:</italic> To characterize drug resistance to anti-tuberculosis drugs in patients with HIV infection.</p> <p><bold><italic>MATERIALS AND METHODS</italic></bold><italic>:</italic> The study recruited patients with newly diagnosed tuberculosis by molecular genetic research methods and bacterial research methods in the Orenburg Regional Clinical Tuberculosis Dispensary.</p> <p><bold><italic>RESULTS</italic></bold><italic>:</italic> For 2018–2022, the proportion of people with HIV infection who are resistant to isoniazid by 14.6%, rifampicin by 28.85%, moxifloxacin by 717.39%, and amikacin by 104.25% has increased. The reduction in the choice of drugs and possibility of effective anti-tuberculosis therapy in people with HIV infection are also complicated by the detection of a multidrug-resistant culture in 20.34% of the examined patients and multidrug resistance in 39.6%. In over 5 years, the percentage of gene mutations of mycobacteria responsible for resistance to anti-tuberculosis drugs has increased.</p> <p><bold><italic>CONCLUSIONS</italic></bold><italic>:</italic> The results of this study indicate the need to search for new solutions and prevent resistance to existing anti-tuberculosis drugs and for the development of new drugs effective for use as first- and second-line drugs.</p></abstract><trans-abstract xml:lang="ru"><p><bold>Обоснование</bold>. Профиль лекарственной устойчивости к противотуберкулёзным препаратам у пациентов непосредственно влияет на особенности протекания заболевания. Однако высокий процент у пациентов с ВИЧ-инфекцией множественной лекарственной устойчивости не только ухудшает течение заболевания, но и вынуждает разрабатывать новые тактики ведения таких пациентов.</p> <p><bold>Цель исследования</bold> — дать характеристику профиля лекарственной устойчивости на противотуберкулёзные препараты у пациентов с ВИЧ-инфекцией.</p> <p><bold>Материалы и методы</bold>. Исследование проведено на базе Оренбургского областного клинического противотуберкулёзного диспансера среди пациентов с впервые выявленным туберкулёзом молекулярно-генетическими и бактериальными методами исследования.</p> <p><bold>Результаты</bold>. Показано, что за период 2018–2022 годов возросла доля ВИЧ-инфицированных лиц, устойчивых на 14,6% к изониазиду и на 28,85% к рифампицину, на 717,39% к моксифлоксацину и на 104,25% к амикацину. Сокращение выбора лекарственных препаратов и возможности проведения эффективной противотуберкулёзной терапии у ВИЧ-инфицированных также осложняется выявлением у 20,34% обследованных полирезистентной культуры и у 39,6% пациентов — множественной лекарственной устойчивости. Кроме того, за пятилетний период увеличился процент мутаций в генах микобактерий, отвечающих за резистентность к противотуберкулёзным препаратам.</p> <p><bold>Заключение</bold>. Полученные данные определяют необходимость поиска новых решений в профилактике формирования резистентности к уже имеющимся противотуберкулёзным препаратам, разработки новых лекарственных эффективных средств для использования в качестве препаратов первого и второго ряда.</p></trans-abstract><kwd-group xml:lang="en"><kwd>HIV infection</kwd><kwd>tuberculosis</kwd><kwd>drug resistance</kwd></kwd-group><kwd-group xml:lang="ru"><kwd>ВИЧ-инфекция</kwd><kwd>туберкулёз</kwd><kwd>лекарственная устойчивость</kwd></kwd-group><funding-group/></article-meta></front><body></body><back><ref-list><ref id="B1"><label>1.</label><citation-alternatives><mixed-citation xml:lang="en">Gopalan N, Chandrasekaran P, Swaminathan S, Tripathy S. Current trends and intricacies in the management of HIV-associated pulmonary tuberculosis. AIDS Research and Therapy. 2016;13(1). doi: 10.1186/s12981-016-0118-7</mixed-citation><mixed-citation xml:lang="ru">Gopalan N., Chandrasekaran P., Swaminathan S., Tripathy S. 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