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<article xmlns:mml="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" xmlns:xlink="http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink" xmlns:xsi="http://www.w3.org/2001/XMLSchema-instance" xmlns:ali="http://www.niso.org/schemas/ali/1.0/" article-type="research-article" dtd-version="1.2" xml:lang="en"><front><journal-meta><journal-id journal-id-type="publisher-id">Epidemiology and Infectious Diseases</journal-id><journal-title-group><journal-title xml:lang="en">Epidemiology and Infectious Diseases</journal-title><trans-title-group xml:lang="ru"><trans-title>Эпидемиология и инфекционные болезни</trans-title></trans-title-group></journal-title-group><issn publication-format="print">3034-2007</issn><issn publication-format="electronic">3034-2015</issn><publisher><publisher-name xml:lang="en">Eco-Vector</publisher-name></publisher></journal-meta><article-meta><article-id pub-id-type="publisher-id">40824</article-id><article-id pub-id-type="doi">10.17816/EID40824</article-id><article-categories><subj-group subj-group-type="toc-heading" xml:lang="en"><subject>Articles</subject></subj-group><subj-group subj-group-type="toc-heading" xml:lang="ru"><subject>Статьи</subject></subj-group><subj-group subj-group-type="article-type"><subject>Research Article</subject></subj-group></article-categories><title-group><article-title xml:lang="en">New therapeutic approach for the treatment for staphylococcal bacteremia and sepsis</article-title><trans-title-group xml:lang="ru"><trans-title>Новые возможности лечения бактериемии и сепсиса вызванных стафилококками</trans-title></trans-title-group></title-group><contrib-group><contrib contrib-type="author"><name-alternatives><name xml:lang="en"><surname>Beloborodov</surname><given-names>V. B</given-names></name><name xml:lang="ru"><surname>Белобородов</surname><given-names>Владимир Борисович</given-names></name></name-alternatives><bio xml:lang="ru"><p>доктор мед. наук, проф. каф. инфекционных болезней</p></bio><email>vb_beloborodov@mail.ru</email><xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff1"/></contrib></contrib-group><aff-alternatives id="aff1"><aff><institution xml:lang="en">Russian Medical Academy of Postgraduate Education Studies</institution></aff><aff><institution xml:lang="ru">ГБОУ ДПО «Российская медицинская академия последипломного образования» Минздрава России</institution></aff></aff-alternatives><pub-date date-type="pub" iso-8601-date="2014-10-15" publication-format="electronic"><day>15</day><month>10</month><year>2014</year></pub-date><volume>19</volume><issue>5</issue><issue-title xml:lang="en">VOL 19, NO5 (2014)</issue-title><issue-title xml:lang="ru">ТОМ 19, №5 (2014)</issue-title><fpage>19</fpage><lpage>25</lpage><history><date date-type="received" iso-8601-date="2020-07-23"><day>23</day><month>07</month><year>2020</year></date></history><permissions><copyright-statement xml:lang="en">Copyright ©; 2014, Eco-vector</copyright-statement><copyright-statement xml:lang="ru">Copyright ©; 2014, ООО "Эко-вектор"</copyright-statement><copyright-year>2014</copyright-year><copyright-holder xml:lang="en">Eco-vector</copyright-holder><copyright-holder xml:lang="ru">ООО "Эко-вектор"</copyright-holder><ali:free_to_read xmlns:ali="http://www.niso.org/schemas/ali/1.0/"/></permissions><self-uri xlink:href="https://rjeid.com/1560-9529/article/view/40824">https://rjeid.com/1560-9529/article/view/40824</self-uri><abstract xml:lang="en"><p>Introduction. Staphylococcal bacteremia is an early and dangerous manifestation of infection, it indicates to the presence of the source of infection in the bloodstream or the dissemination ofgerms from otherfoci, is the cause of high mortality rate. In that the approaches to the treatment for bacteremia/sepsis caused by S.aureus, have surprisingly low conclusiveness and require the optimization of antibiotic therapy, duration of treatment, criteria for cure. The aim of this study was to perform the systematic analysis of the current literature devoted to the problem of antibiotic treatment for staphylococcal infection, primarily followed by bacteremia and sepsis. Objectives of the study: the detection of the problem factors having the negative impact on the effectiveness of the antibiotic treatment of severe staphylococcal infections followed by bacteremia, and prospects for the use of new antibiotics. For the solution of the designated objectives in the scientific medical databases Medscape and Pubmed there was performed the search for the publications on subject headings, covering these problems Conclusion. Bacteremia and sepsis caused by S.aureus is not uncommon and severe infection which occurs everywhere, but remains to be poorly understood. The single isolation of S.aureus from the blood always is to be considered as clinically significant due to the high pathogenicity, high probability of infection and complications, rarity of contamination of blood samples with S.aureus. In cases of the isolation of staphylococci from the blood there is required an immediate and thorough search for any focus of invasion and deep metastatic foci of infection. There are strong evidences that the removal of the origin or the drainage of the locus of infection improves the results of the treatment. There is substantially less certainty about the patients with uncomplicated infections that can receive short courses of ABT. There is discussed the optimal choice of antibiotics, the duration and method of administration for the treatment of S. aureus bacteremia (SAB). Available data indicate to the more higher efficiency of f-lactams compared with glycopeptides for the treatment for infections caused by methicillin-sensitive SAB, the emergence of glycopeptide-intermediate Staphylococcus aureus (GISA) or hetero-GISA reduces the role of glycopeptides in the treatment of bacteremia caused by MRSA. Daptomycin showed the high efficacy in the treatment for severe staphylococcal infections accompanied by bacteremia and sepsis, especially when using in a dose of 6 mg/kg/ day and above. There is insufficient data for the assertion that cephalosporins are also effective as penicillins for treating SAB, but they are probably more effective than vancomycin for the treatment of methicillinsensitive SAB. The optimal duration of treatment is considered to be 10-14 days of intravenous administration for most cases of uncomplicated SAB associated with vascular catheterization, upon condition of the removal of the catheter and low risk of endocarditis.</p></abstract><trans-abstract xml:lang="ru"><p>Введение. Стафилококковая бактериемия является ранним и опасным проявлением инфекции, указывает на наличие источника инфекции в кровяном русле или диссеминацию микробов из других очагов, является причиной высокой летальности. При этом подходы к лечению бактериемии/сепсиса, вызванных S.aureus, имеют удивительно низкую доказательность и требуют оптимизации антибактериальной терапии (АБТ), продолжительности лечения, критериев излечения. Целью исслендования было проведение систематического анализа современной литературы, посвященной проблеме антибактериальной терапии стафилококковой инфекции, в первую очередь сопровождающейся бактериемией и сепсисом. Задачи исследования: определение проблемных факторов, оказывающих негативное влияние на эффективность АБТ и тяжелых стафилококковых инфекций, сопровождающихся бактериемией, и перспектив применения новых антибиотиков. Для решения поставленных задач был проведен поиск в научных медицинских базах Medscape и Pubmed публикаций по рубрикам, включающим указанные проблемы. Заключение. Бактериемия и сепсис, вызваные S.aureus (SAB), являются редкой и тяжелой инфекцией, которая встречается повсеместно, однако остается недостаточно изученной. Однократное выделение из крови S.aureus всегда должно рассматриваться как клинически значимое из-за высокой патогенности, высокой веростности инфекции и осложнений, редкости контаминации образцов крови S.aureus. При выделении из крови стафилококков требуется немедленный и всесторонний поиск любого очага инвазии и глубоких метастатических очагов инфекции. Имеются строгие доказательства того, что удаление очага или дренирование локуса инфекции улучшают результаты лечения. Существенно меньше определенности относительно пациенток с неосложненными инфекциями, которые могут получать короткие курсы АБТ. Оптимальный выбор антибиотиков, продолжительность и метод введения для лечения SAB обсуждается. Имеющиеся данные указывают на более высокую эффективность f-лактамов по сравнению с гликопептидами для лечения инфекций, вызванных чувствительными к метициллину SAB, появление GISA или гетеро-GISA снижает роль гликопептидов в лечении бактериемии, вызванной MRSA. Даптомицин показал высокую эффективность в лечении тяжелых стафилококковых инфекций, сопровождающихся бактериемией и сепсисом, особенно при применении дозы 6 мг/кг в сутки и выше. Имеется недостаточно данных для утверждения того, что цефалоспорины так же эффективны, как пенициллины, для лечения SAB, однако они, вероятно, более эффективны, чем ванкомицин для лечения чувствительных к метициллину SAB. Оптимальной продолжительностью лечения считается 10-14 дней внутривенного введения для большинства случаев неосложненной SAB, связанной с катетеризацией сосудов, при условии удаления катетера и низкого риска эндокардита.</p></trans-abstract><kwd-group xml:lang="en"><kwd>S.aureus</kwd><kwd>bacteremia</kwd><kwd>sepsis</kwd><kwd>antibiotics</kwd><kwd>linezolid</kwd><kwd>daptomycin</kwd></kwd-group><kwd-group xml:lang="ru"><kwd>бактериемия</kwd><kwd>сепсис</kwd><kwd>антибиотики</kwd><kwd>линезолид</kwd><kwd>даптомицин</kwd></kwd-group></article-meta></front><body></body><back><ref-list><ref id="B1"><label>1.</label><mixed-citation>Shorr A.F., Tabak Y.P., Killian A.D., Gupta V., Liu L.Z., Kollef M.H. Healthcare-associated bloodstream infection: a distinct entity? 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