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<article xmlns:mml="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" xmlns:xlink="http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink" xmlns:xsi="http://www.w3.org/2001/XMLSchema-instance" xmlns:ali="http://www.niso.org/schemas/ali/1.0/" article-type="research-article" dtd-version="1.2" xml:lang="en"><front><journal-meta><journal-id journal-id-type="publisher-id">Epidemiology and Infectious Diseases</journal-id><journal-title-group><journal-title xml:lang="en">Epidemiology and Infectious Diseases</journal-title><trans-title-group xml:lang="ru"><trans-title>Эпидемиология и инфекционные болезни</trans-title></trans-title-group></journal-title-group><issn publication-format="print">3034-2007</issn><issn publication-format="electronic">3034-2015</issn><publisher><publisher-name xml:lang="en">Eco-Vector</publisher-name></publisher></journal-meta><article-meta><article-id pub-id-type="publisher-id">40804</article-id><article-id pub-id-type="doi">10.17816/EID40804</article-id><article-categories><subj-group subj-group-type="toc-heading" xml:lang="en"><subject>Articles</subject></subj-group><subj-group subj-group-type="toc-heading" xml:lang="ru"><subject>Статьи</subject></subj-group><subj-group subj-group-type="article-type"><subject>Research Article</subject></subj-group></article-categories><title-group><article-title xml:lang="en">Molecular genetic factors of pathogenicity of influenza A virus (H1N1) pdm09</article-title><trans-title-group xml:lang="ru"><trans-title>Молекулярногенетические факторы патогенности вируса гриппа A(H1N1)pdm09</trans-title></trans-title-group></title-group><contrib-group><contrib contrib-type="author"><name-alternatives><name xml:lang="en"><surname>Tsvetkov</surname><given-names>V. V</given-names></name><name xml:lang="ru"><surname>Цветков</surname><given-names>Валерий Владимирович</given-names></name></name-alternatives><bio xml:lang="ru"><p>аспирант, науч. сотрудник</p></bio><email>suppcolor@gmail.com</email><xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff1"/></contrib><contrib contrib-type="author"><name-alternatives><name xml:lang="en"><surname>Deeva</surname><given-names>E. G</given-names></name><name xml:lang="ru"><surname>Деева</surname><given-names>Элла Германовна</given-names></name></name-alternatives><bio xml:lang="ru"><p>канд. мед. наук, гл. врач специализированной клиники вирусных инфекций</p></bio><email>klinika@influenza.spb.ru</email><xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff1"/></contrib><contrib contrib-type="author"><name-alternatives><name xml:lang="en"><surname>Danilenko</surname><given-names>D. M</given-names></name><name xml:lang="ru"><surname>Даниленко</surname><given-names>Дарья Михайловна</given-names></name></name-alternatives><bio xml:lang="ru"><p>науч. сотр. лаб. эволюционной изменчивости вирусов гриппа</p></bio><email>daria.baibus@gmail.com</email><xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff1"/></contrib><contrib contrib-type="author"><name-alternatives><name xml:lang="en"><surname>Sologub</surname><given-names>T. V</given-names></name><name xml:lang="ru"><surname>Сологуб</surname><given-names>Тамара Васильевна</given-names></name></name-alternatives><bio xml:lang="ru"><p>доктор мед. наук, проф. зам. директора по научной и клинической работе</p></bio><email>sologub@influenza.spb.ru</email><xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff1"/></contrib><contrib contrib-type="author"><name-alternatives><name xml:lang="en"><surname>Tikhonova</surname><given-names>E. P</given-names></name><name xml:lang="ru"><surname>Тихонова</surname><given-names>Елена Петровна</given-names></name></name-alternatives><bio xml:lang="ru"><p>доктор мед. наук, проф., зав. каф. инфекционных болезней и эпидемиологии с курсом ПО</p></bio><email>infekbolepidem@krasgma.ru</email><xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff2"/></contrib></contrib-group><aff-alternatives id="aff1"><aff><institution xml:lang="en">Research Institute of Influenza</institution></aff><aff><institution xml:lang="ru">ФГБУ НИИ гриппа Минздрава России</institution></aff></aff-alternatives><aff-alternatives id="aff2"><aff><institution xml:lang="en">Krasnoyarsk State Medical University named after Professor V.F. Voyno-Yasenetsky</institution></aff><aff><institution xml:lang="ru">Красноярский государственный медицинский университет им. проф. В.Ф. Войно-Ясенецкого</institution></aff></aff-alternatives><pub-date date-type="pub" iso-8601-date="2014-08-15" publication-format="electronic"><day>15</day><month>08</month><year>2014</year></pub-date><volume>19</volume><issue>4</issue><issue-title xml:lang="en">VOL 19, NO4 (2014)</issue-title><issue-title xml:lang="ru">ТОМ 19, №4 (2014)</issue-title><fpage>4</fpage><lpage>11</lpage><history><date date-type="received" iso-8601-date="2020-07-23"><day>23</day><month>07</month><year>2020</year></date></history><permissions><copyright-statement xml:lang="en">Copyright ©; 2014, Eco-vector</copyright-statement><copyright-statement xml:lang="ru">Copyright ©; 2014, ООО "Эко-вектор"</copyright-statement><copyright-year>2014</copyright-year><copyright-holder xml:lang="en">Eco-vector</copyright-holder><copyright-holder xml:lang="ru">ООО "Эко-вектор"</copyright-holder><ali:free_to_read xmlns:ali="http://www.niso.org/schemas/ali/1.0/"/></permissions><self-uri xlink:href="https://rjeid.com/1560-9529/article/view/40804">https://rjeid.com/1560-9529/article/view/40804</self-uri><abstract xml:lang="en"><p>Unlike influenza epidemics which affect the population almost yearly, pandemics occur much less frequently, but have more severe medical and social consequences. The investigation of the nature of the course of all modern epidemics and pandemics are acquiring the particular rationale. Pandemic influenza A (H1N1) 2009 was caused by the virus of the mixed (triple) origin. In Russia, the first three cases of disease have been identified in Moscow from 21 to 10 June 2009. In the Far East - 2-2,5 months later compared to the European part of Russia. However, the epidemic of influenza in Russia caused by influenza virus A (H1N1) pdm09, began and developed more rapidly just in the Far East. The highest morbidity rate (10,2-10,3 per 100 people) was registered in the cities of the Far Eastern and Siberian regions. The phylogenetic analysis allowed to reveal the origin of the triple reassortant virus A (H1N1)pdm09 out of H1N1, H1N2, H3N2 avian/porcine/human virus. The performed analysis of functional domains of proteins of the influenza virus A (H1N1) pdm09 showed that modern pandemic influenza viruses have several principal genetic defects, the totality of which permits to rank them to moderately pathogenic viruses. High risk of the severe course of influenza and occurrence of complications was noted in three groups ofpatients: pregnant women, especially in the 3 trimester ofpregnancy, children under 2 years of age and patients with concomitant chronic respiratory and cardiovascular systems, as well as patients with endocrine disorders and obesity.</p></abstract><trans-abstract xml:lang="ru"><p>В отличие от эпидемий гриппа, практически ежегодно поражающих население, пандемии случаются гораздо реже, но имеют более тяжелые медицинские и социальные последствия. Изучение характера течения всех современных эпидемий и пандемий в настоящее время приобретает особую актуальность. Пандемия гриппа A(H1N1) 2009 г. была вызвана вирусом смешанного (тройного) происхождения. В России первые три случая заболеваний были выявлены в Москве с 21 по 10 июня 2009 г. На Дальнем Востоке - на 2-2,5 мес позже по сравнению с европейской частью России. Однако эпидемия гриппа в России, вызванная вирусом гриппа A(H1N1) pdm09, началась и более стремительно развивалась именно на Дальнем Востоке. Наиболее высокая заболеваемость (10,2-10,3 на 100 человек) была зарегистрирована в городах Дальневосточного и Сибирского регионов. Филогенетический анализ позволил установить происхождение тройного реассортанта вируса A(H1N1)pdm09 из вирусов H1N1, H1N2, H3N2 птиц, свиней и человека. Проведенный анализ функциональных доменов белков вируса гриппа A(H1N1)pdm09 показал, что современные пандемические вирусы гриппа имеют ряд принципиальных генетических дефектов, совокупность которых позволяет отнести их к умеренно патогенным вирусам. Высокий риск тяжелого течения гриппа и возникновения осложнений отмечен в трех группах больных: беременные женщины, особенно в III триместре беременности; дети до 2 лет и пациенты, имеющие сопутствующие хронические заболевания дыхательной и сердечно-сосудистой системы, а также пациенты с эндокринными нарушениями и ожирением.</p></trans-abstract><kwd-group xml:lang="en"><kwd>flu</kwd><kwd>A(H1N1)pdm09</kwd><kwd>influenza epidemic</kwd><kwd>influenza pandemic</kwd><kwd>seasonal flu</kwd></kwd-group><kwd-group xml:lang="ru"><kwd>грипп A(H1N1)pdm09</kwd><kwd>эпидемия гриппа</kwd><kwd>пандемия гриппа</kwd><kwd>сезонный грипп</kwd></kwd-group></article-meta></front><body></body><back><ref-list><ref id="B1"><label>1.</label><mixed-citation>Garten R.J., Davis C.T., Russell C.A. et al. Antigenic and genetic characteristics of swine-origin 2009 A(H1N1) influenza viruses circulating in humans. 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