Epidemiology and Infectious DiseasesEpidemiology and Infectious DiseasesЭпидемиология и инфекционные болезни3034-20073034-2015Eco-Vector4065410.17816/EID40654ArticlesСтатьиReview ArticlePROPERTIES OF VIBRIO CHOLERAE STRAINS ISOLATED IN ASIA AND THEIR RELATIONSHIP TO THE STRAINS CIRCULATING IN OTHER CONTINENTS DURING THE SEVENTH CHOLERA PANDEMICСВОЙСТВА ШТАММОВ ХОЛЕРНЫХ ВИБРИОНОВ, ВЫДЕЛЕННЫХ В АЗИИ, И ИХ СВЯЗЬ СО ШТАММАМИ, ЦИРКУЛИРУЮЩИМИ НА других континентах в период седьмой пандемии холерыLomovYu. M.ЛомовЮрий Михайлович

зав. научно-организационным отд., д-р мед. наук, проф., засл. деят. РФ

plague@aaanet.ruTelesmanichN. R.ТелесманичНаталья Робертовна

д-р биол. наук, зам. дир. РостНИПЧИ

AndrusenkoI. T.АндрусенкоИрина Тимофеевна

д-р биол. наук, ст. науч. сотр. группы информации лаб. эпидемиологии ООИ РостНИПЧИ

MoskvitinaE. A.МосквитинаЭльза Афанасьевна

д-р мед. наук, зав. лаб. эпидемиологии ООИ РостНИПЧИ

AreshinaO. A.АрешинаОльга Анатольевна

мл. науч. сотр. лаб. эпидемиологии ООИ РостНИПЧИ

Rostov-on-Don Antiplaque Research Institute, Russian Inspectorate for the Protection of Consumer Rights and Human WelfareФГУЗ Ростовский-на-Дону научно-исследовательский противочумный институт15022012171NO1 (2012)№1 (2012)394523072020Copyright ©; 2012, Eco-vectorCopyright ©; 2012, ООО "Эко-вектор"2012Eco-vectorООО "Эко-вектор"https://rjeid.com/1560-9529/article/view/40654

The review deals with the properties of Vibrio cholerae (classical, El Tor, 0139, non-01/non-0139 strains) circulating worldwide during the seventh cholera pandemic. Particular attention is given to the variability in the cholera pathogen: the replacement of classical Vibrio cholerae by the El Tor biotype and subsequently the emergence of serogroup Vibrio cholerae 0139 and genetically altered El Tor Vibrio cholerae; the causes giving rise to these changes and spread of Vibrio cholera in the countries of the Asian continent. A large genetic variability found in Asian strains suggests that there is a real possibility of the emergence of new clones with new properties, including those with an epidemic potential. The Vibrio cholerae strains, that periodically appear in Asia and have an epidemic potential and new properties, spread over all continents, by causing cholera infection. The cholera pathogen adapts to new existence conditions in some cases, by altering some properties and, by having been rooted in a certain area, causes mainly sporadic cases of the disease. These Vibrio cholerae strains, unlike the Asian strains (the pathogens of the seventh pandemic), may be virulent, by preserving the virulence genes in the genome; however, they are, in most cases, non-endemic and unable to spread widely.

Обзор посвящен свойствам холерных вибрионов (классических, Эль-Тор, О139, не О1/не О139), циркулирующих в мире в период седьмой пандемии холеры. Особое внимание уделяется изменчивости возбудителя холеры: замене классических вибрионов вибрионами Эль-Тор, а впоследствии появлению вибрионов серогруппы О139, а также генетически измененных штаммов вибрионов Эль-Тор; причинам, приведшим к этим изменениям и распространению холерных вибрионов в странах Азиатского континента. Большое разнообразие генов, выявленное у азиатских штаммов, свидетельствует о реальной возможности возникновения новых клонов с новыми свойствами, в том числе с эпидемическим потенциалом. Штаммы холерных вибрионов, периодически появляющиеся в Азии, обладают эпидемическим потенциалом и новыми свойствами, распространяются по всем континентам, вызывая заболевание холерой. В некоторых случаях возбудитель холеры приспосабливается к новым условиям существования, изменив некоторые свойства и укоренившись в определенной местности, обусловливает в основном спорадические случаи заболевания. Эти штаммы холерных вибрионов в отличие от азиатских штаммов - возбудителей седьмой пандемии - могут быть вирулентными, сохраняя в геноме гены вирулентности, однако они в большинстве своем неэндемичны и неспособны к широкому распространению.

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