Epidemiology and Infectious DiseasesEpidemiology and Infectious Diseases1560-95292411-3026Eco-Vector4062310.17816/EID40623Research ArticleHEPATITIS C IN RUSSIA: CURRENT EPIDEMIOLOGY AND APPROACHES TO IMPROVING DIAGNOSIS AND SURVEILLANCEPimenovN. N.n.pimenov@mail.ruChulanovV. P.vladimir.chulanov.@pcr.ruKomarovaS. Vko-marova@pcr.ruKarandashovaI. V.inga.karandashova@pcr.ruNeverovA. D.hepatitis@pcr.ruMikhailovskayaG. V-DolginV. A.-LebedevaE. B.-PashkinaK. V-KorshunovaG. S.zavepid@fcgsen.ruFederal Budget Institution of Science “Central Research Institute of Epidemiology” of The Federal Service for the Oversight of Consumer Protection and WelfareFederal Center for Hygiene and Epidemiology of the Federal Service for the Oversight of Consumer Protection and Welfare1506201217341023072020Copyright © 2012, Eco-vector2012The article presents the results of analysis of reported incidence of acute and chronic hepatitis С in Russian Federation. Detailed description of current epidemiological characteristics of acute and chronic hepatitis С in various Federal regions and in different age groups is provided. The authors discuss the most probable transmission routs of HCV and its genotype distribution in Russia. Critical problems of laboratory diagnosis and hepatitis С surveillance are reviewed. There is an urgent need for introduction of HCV RNA as a routine confirmatory test for acute and chronic hepatitis С as well as introduction of Viral Hepatitis Registry for HCV patients throughout the entire territory of the Russian Federation.hepatitis Cepidemiologyincidencegenotypediagnosissurveillanceгепатит Cэпидемиологиязаболеваемостьгенотипдиагностиканадзор[Вирусные гепатиты в Российской Федерации 2009: Справочник / Под ред. Г. Г. Онищенко, А. Б. Жебруна. - СПб., 2009.][О санитарно-эпидемиологической обстановке в Российской Федерации в 2010 году: Государственный доклад. - М., 2011.][Шаханина Л. И., Осипова Л. А. Экономические потери от инфекционной заболеваемости в России: величины и тенденции // Эпидемиол. и инфекц. бол. - 2005. - № 4. - С. 19-21.][Cohen J. The scientific challenge of hepatitis С virus // Science. - 1999. - Уо1. 285. - P. 26-30.][Di Bisceglie A. M., Order S. E., Klein J. L. et al. The role of chronic viral hepatitis in hepatocellular carcinoma in the United States // Am. J. Gastroenterol. - 1991. - Уэ1. 86. - P. 335-338.][Fattovich G., Giustina G., Degos F. et al. Morbidity and mortality in compensated cirrhosis type С: a retrospective follow-up study of 384 patients // Gastroenterology. - 1997. - Уэ1. 112. -P. 463-472.][Global burden of disease (GBD) for hepatitis С // Int. J. din. Pharmacol. - 2004. - Уэ1. 44, N 1. - P 20-29.][Hoofnagle H. J. Course and outcome of hepatitis C // Hepatology. – 2002. – Vol. 36. – P. 21–29.][Manns M. P., Wedemeyer H., Cornberg M. Treating viral hepatitis C: efficacy [7], side effects, and complications // Int. J. Gastroenterol. Hepatol. – 2006. – Vol. 55, N 9. – P. 1350–1359][Simmonds P., Bukh J., Combet C. et al. ^nsensus proposals for a unified system of nomenclature of hepatitis С virus genotypes // Repatology. - 2005. - Уз1. 42, N 4. - P. 962-973.][WKO Fact sheet N 164: Kepatitis С. June 2011. Web March 14 2012. <http://www.who.int/mediacentre/factsheets/fs164/en/>.][Yu C. I., Chiang B. L. A new insight into hepatitis С vaccine development // J. Biomed. Biotechnol. - 2010. - N 548280. Published online 2010 June 13. doi: 10.1155/2010/548280.]