<?xml version="1.0" encoding="UTF-8"?>
<!DOCTYPE article PUBLIC "-//NLM//DTD JATS (Z39.96) Journal Publishing DTD v1.2 20190208//EN" "https://jats.nlm.nih.gov/publishing/1.2/JATS-journalpublishing1.dtd">
<article xmlns:mml="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" xmlns:xlink="http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink" xmlns:xsi="http://www.w3.org/2001/XMLSchema-instance" xmlns:ali="http://www.niso.org/schemas/ali/1.0/" article-type="review-article" dtd-version="1.2" xml:lang="ru"><front><journal-meta><journal-id journal-id-type="publisher-id">Epidemiology and Infectious Diseases</journal-id><journal-title-group><journal-title xml:lang="en">Epidemiology and Infectious Diseases</journal-title><trans-title-group xml:lang="ru"><trans-title>Эпидемиология и инфекционные болезни</trans-title></trans-title-group></journal-title-group><issn publication-format="print">3034-2007</issn><issn publication-format="electronic">3034-2015</issn><publisher><publisher-name xml:lang="en">Eco-Vector</publisher-name></publisher></journal-meta><article-meta><article-id pub-id-type="publisher-id">119215</article-id><article-id pub-id-type="doi">10.17816/EID119215</article-id><article-categories><subj-group subj-group-type="toc-heading" xml:lang="en"><subject>Reviews</subject></subj-group><subj-group subj-group-type="toc-heading" xml:lang="ru"><subject>Научные обзоры</subject></subj-group><subj-group subj-group-type="article-type"><subject>Review Article</subject></subj-group></article-categories><title-group><article-title xml:lang="en">Comparative analysis of the legal regulation of counteracting the development of epidemics (pandemics) in the USSR and modern Russia: the experience of forming a legal model of socially useful behavior of the individual</article-title><trans-title-group xml:lang="ru"><trans-title>Сравнительный анализ правового регулирования противодействия развитию эпидемий (пандемий) в СССР и современной России: опыт формирования правовой модели социально полезного поведения личности</trans-title></trans-title-group></title-group><contrib-group><contrib contrib-type="author"><contrib-id contrib-id-type="orcid">https://orcid.org/0000-0003-0768-8365</contrib-id><contrib-id contrib-id-type="spin">7326-5273</contrib-id><name-alternatives><name xml:lang="en"><surname>Suranova</surname><given-names>Tatiana G.</given-names></name><name xml:lang="ru"><surname>Суранова</surname><given-names>Татьяна Григорьевна</given-names></name></name-alternatives><address><country country="RU">Russian Federation</country></address><bio xml:lang="en"><p>MD, Cand. Sci. (Med.), Associate Professor</p></bio><bio xml:lang="ru"><p>к.м.н., доцент</p></bio><email>suranovatatiana@mail.ru</email><xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff1"/><xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff2"/></contrib><contrib contrib-type="author"><contrib-id contrib-id-type="orcid">https://orcid.org/0000-0001-8452-5522</contrib-id><contrib-id contrib-id-type="spin">9444-4577</contrib-id><name-alternatives><name xml:lang="en"><surname>Suvorov</surname><given-names>Georgy N.</given-names></name><name xml:lang="ru"><surname>Суворов</surname><given-names>Георгий Николаевич</given-names></name></name-alternatives><address><country country="RU">Russian Federation</country></address><bio xml:lang="en"><p>Cand. Sci. (Law), Associate Professor</p></bio><bio xml:lang="ru"><p>к.ю.н., доцент</p></bio><email>ipk6019086@yandex.ru</email><xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff1"/><xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff2"/><xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff3"/><xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff4"/></contrib><contrib contrib-type="author"><contrib-id contrib-id-type="orcid">https://orcid.org/0000-0002-4520-757X</contrib-id><contrib-id contrib-id-type="spin">1617-2620</contrib-id><name-alternatives><name xml:lang="en"><surname>Zenin</surname><given-names>Sergey S.</given-names></name><name xml:lang="ru"><surname>Зенин</surname><given-names>Сергей Сергеевич</given-names></name></name-alternatives><address><country country="RU">Russian Federation</country></address><bio xml:lang="en"><p>Cand. Sci. (Law), Associate Professor</p></bio><bio xml:lang="ru"><p>к.ю.н, доцент</p></bio><email>zeninsergei@mail.ru</email><xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff2"/><xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff4"/></contrib></contrib-group><aff-alternatives id="aff1"><aff><institution xml:lang="en">Federal Research and Clinical Center of Specialized Medical Care and Medical Technologies</institution></aff><aff><institution xml:lang="ru">Федеральный научно-клинический центр специализированных видов медицинской помощи и медицинских технологий</institution></aff></aff-alternatives><aff-alternatives id="aff2"><aff><institution xml:lang="en">University of Tyumen</institution></aff><aff><institution xml:lang="ru">Тюменский государственный университет</institution></aff></aff-alternatives><aff-alternatives id="aff3"><aff><institution xml:lang="en">Russian Medical Academy of Continuous Professional Education</institution></aff><aff><institution xml:lang="ru">Российская медицинская академия непрерывного профессионального образования</institution></aff></aff-alternatives><aff-alternatives id="aff4"><aff><institution xml:lang="en">Kutafin Moscow State Law University</institution></aff><aff><institution xml:lang="ru">Московский государственный юридический университет имени О.Е. Кутафина (МГЮА)</institution></aff></aff-alternatives><content-language>ru</content-language><pub-date date-type="preprint" publication-format="electronic" iso-8601-date="2022-12-26"><day>26</day><month>12</month><year>2022</year></pub-date><pub-date date-type="pub" publication-format="electronic" iso-8601-date="2023-02-15"><day>15</day><month>02</month><year>2023</year></pub-date><pub-date date-type="collection"><year>2022</year></pub-date><volume>27</volume><issue>5</issue><issue-title xml:lang="en"/><issue-title xml:lang="ru"/><fpage>301</fpage><lpage>310</lpage><history><date date-type="received" iso-8601-date="2022-12-18"><day>18</day><month>12</month><year>2022</year></date><date date-type="accepted" iso-8601-date="2022-12-23"><day>23</day><month>12</month><year>2022</year></date></history><pub-history><event event-type="received"><event-desc>Received:<date date-type="received" iso-8601-date="2022-12-18"><day>18</day><month>12</month><year>2022</year></date></event-desc></event><event event-type="accepted"><event-desc>Accepted:<date date-type="accepted" iso-8601-date="2022-12-23"><day>23</day><month>12</month><year>2022</year></date></event-desc></event><event event-type="pub"><event-desc>Published:<pub-date date-type="pub" publication-format="electronic" iso-8601-date="2023-02-15"><day>15</day><month>02</month><year>2023</year></pub-date></event-desc></event></pub-history><permissions><copyright-statement xml:lang="en">Copyright ©; 2023, Eco-vector</copyright-statement><copyright-statement xml:lang="ru">Copyright ©; 2023, ООО "Эко-вектор"</copyright-statement><copyright-year>2023</copyright-year><copyright-holder xml:lang="en">Eco-vector</copyright-holder><copyright-holder xml:lang="ru">ООО "Эко-вектор"</copyright-holder><ali:free_to_read xmlns:ali="http://www.niso.org/schemas/ali/1.0/" start_date="2026-02-15"/></permissions><self-uri xlink:href="https://rjeid.com/1560-9529/article/view/119215">https://rjeid.com/1560-9529/article/view/119215</self-uri><abstract xml:lang="en"><p>This work is a comparative analysis of the experience of the legal regulation of public relations in counteracting the development of epidemics (pandemics) in the USSR and the Russian Federation. It is considered in the context of the legal formulation of a model of socially useful behavior of an individual. The model of socially useful behavior of an individual under conditions of the threat of epidemics in the USSR was normatively formed by the 70s–80s and included the traditional law-abiding and active components. The first was based on the population’s knowledge of the normatively fixed rules of action in the event of foci of the spread of specific diseases. The second was associated with the involvement of the public in the direct implementation of anti-epidemic measures.</p> <p>It is revealed that the current Russian legislation does not create sufficient legal prerequisites for forming of a legal model of socially useful behavior of an individual. The circumstances that led to such a situation are indicated. It was concluded that it is necessary to accumulate its inherent restrictions and prohibitions in the uniform federal Rules of conduct for citizens and activities of organizations under the threat of epidemics of dangerous diseases with the provision of the states of the Russian Federation with the right to authorize their application to create legal prerequisites for the formation of a traditional law-abiding model of socially useful behavior of an individual.</p> <p>Forming a legal model of socially active behavior of an individual requires the definition of legal forms and the permissible degree of public participation in preventive work by analogy with the extensive Soviet experience. In contrast, the incentives for useful behavior should be a ramified system of legal guarantees in the fields of labor, social security, education, and related areas, and their interrelationships.</p></abstract><trans-abstract xml:lang="ru"><p>Работа посвящена сравнению опыта правового регулирования общественных отношений в сфере противодействия развитию эпидемий (пандемий) в СССР и Российской Федерации, рассматриваемого в контексте юридического оформления модели социально полезного поведения личности. Установлено, что модель социально полезного поведения личности в условиях угрозы развития эпидемий в СССР нормативно оформилась к 1970–1980-м гг. и включала в себя традиционную законопослушную и активную составляющие: первая базировалась на знании населением нормативно закреплённых правил действия при возникновении очагов распространения конкретных заболеваний, а вторая связывалась с привлечением общественности к непосредственному проведению противоэпидемических мероприятий.</p> <p>Выявлено, что действующее российское законодательство не создаёт достаточных правовых предпосылок для формирования правовой модели социально полезного поведения личности; указаны обстоятельства, обусловившие такую ситуацию. Сформулирован вывод о том, что в целях создания правовых предпосылок для формирования традиционной законопослушной модели социально полезного поведения личности требуется аккумулировать присущие ей ограничения и запреты в единых федеральных правилах поведения граждан и деятельности организаций при угрозе развития эпидемий опасных заболеваний с предоставлением субъектам Российской Федерации права санкционировать их применение.</p> <p>Формирование правовой модели социально активного поведения личности требует определения правовых форм и допустимой степени участия общественности в профилактической работе по аналогии с обширным советским опытом, при этом стимулы полезного поведения должны представлять собой разветвлённую систему правовых гарантий в области трудовых, социально обеспечительных, образовательных и других отношений.</p></trans-abstract><kwd-group xml:lang="en"><kwd>model</kwd><kwd>socially useful behavior</kwd><kwd>personality</kwd><kwd>state</kwd><kwd>epidemic</kwd><kwd>pandemic</kwd><kwd>COVID-19</kwd></kwd-group><kwd-group xml:lang="ru"><kwd>модель</kwd><kwd>социально полезное поведение</kwd><kwd>личность</kwd><kwd>государство</kwd><kwd>эпидемия</kwd><kwd>пандемия</kwd><kwd>COVID-19</kwd></kwd-group><funding-group><award-group><funding-source><institution-wrap><institution xml:lang="ru">Российский фонд фундаментальных исследований</institution></institution-wrap><institution-wrap><institution xml:lang="en">Russian Foundation for Basic Research</institution></institution-wrap></funding-source><award-id>21-011-43064</award-id></award-group></funding-group></article-meta></front><body></body><back><ref-list><ref id="B1"><label>1.</label><citation-alternatives><mixed-citation xml:lang="en">Barakhoeva AR. The impact of the legal attitudes of the individual on legal behavior of the individual. Legal Concept. 2019;18(3):56–60. (In Russ). doi: 10.15688/lc.jvolsu.2019.3.8</mixed-citation><mixed-citation xml:lang="ru">Барахоева А.Р. Воздействие правовых установок личности на правовое поведение лица // Правовая парадигма. 2019. Т. 18, № 3. С. 56–60. doi: 10.15688/lc.jvolsu.2019.3.8</mixed-citation></citation-alternatives></ref><ref id="B2"><label>2.</label><citation-alternatives><mixed-citation xml:lang="en">Borisevich SV, Sizikova TE, Lebedev VN. COVID-19 pandemic: analysis of possible scenarios for the development of the epidemic of the disease in Russia. Journal of NBC protection corps. 2020;4(2): 116–130. (In Russ). doi: 10.35825/2587-5728-2020-4-2-116-130</mixed-citation><mixed-citation xml:lang="ru">Борисевич С.В., Сизикова Т.Е., Лебедев В.Н. Пандемия COVID-19: анализ возможных сценариев развития эпидемии заболевания в России // Вестник войск РХБ защиты. 2020. Т. 4, № 2. С. 116–130. doi: 10.35825/2587-5728-2020-4-2-116-130</mixed-citation></citation-alternatives></ref><ref id="B3"><label>3.</label><citation-alternatives><mixed-citation xml:lang="en">Anan’in SA. The development of prevention within the Soviet health care system during the period 1917–1936: historical aspects. Vestnik of Lobachevsky state university of Nizhny Novgorod. 2020;(1):9–19. (In Russ).</mixed-citation><mixed-citation xml:lang="ru">Ананьин С.А. Исторические аспекты развития профилактического направления здравоохранения в стране в период 1917–1936 гг. // Вестник Нижегородского университета им. Н.И. Лобачевского. 2020. № 1. С. 9–19.</mixed-citation></citation-alternatives></ref><ref id="B4"><label>4.</label><citation-alternatives><mixed-citation xml:lang="en">Evstifeev DM. The constitutional duty of an individual and legitimate behavior. Russian Legal Journal. 2018;(6):70–84. (In Russ).</mixed-citation><mixed-citation xml:lang="ru">Евстифеев Д.М. Конституционный долг личности и правомерное поведение // Российский юридический журнал. 2018. № 6. С. 70–84.</mixed-citation></citation-alternatives></ref><ref id="B5"><label>5.</label><citation-alternatives><mixed-citation xml:lang="en">Kondrashin VV, Kornilov GE. Russia’s famine and epidemic history in Russia: historiographic Situation. Ural Historical Bulletin. 2021;(1):6–13. (In Russ). doi: 10.30759/1728-9718-2021-1(70)-6-13</mixed-citation><mixed-citation xml:lang="ru">Кондрашин В.В., Корнилов Г.Е. История голода и эпидемий в России: историографическая ситуация // Уральский исторический вестник. 2021. № 1. С. 6–13. doi: 10.30759/1728-9718-2021-1(70)-6-13</mixed-citation></citation-alternatives></ref><ref id="B6"><label>6.</label><citation-alternatives><mixed-citation xml:lang="en">Sakharov SP, Ostrovskaya DO. The relevance of anti-epidemiological measures in the past and present. University medicine of the Urals. 2020;6(4):25–27. (In Russ).</mixed-citation><mixed-citation xml:lang="ru">Сахаров С.П., Островская Д.О. Актуальность противоэпидемиологических мероприятий в прошлом и настоящем // Университетская медицина Урала. 2020. Т. 6, № 4. С. 25–27.</mixed-citation></citation-alternatives></ref><ref id="B7"><label>7.</label><citation-alternatives><mixed-citation xml:lang="en">King EJ, Dudina VI. COVID-19 in Russia: Should we expect a novel response to the novel coronavirus? Glob Public Health. 2021; 16(8-9):1237–1250. doi: 10.1080/17441692.2021.1900317</mixed-citation><mixed-citation xml:lang="ru">King E.J., Dudina V.I. COVID-19 in Russia: Should we expect a novel response to the novel coronavirus? // Glob Public Health. 2021. Vol. 16, N 8-9. Р. 1237–1250. doi: 10.1080/17441692.2021.1900317</mixed-citation></citation-alternatives></ref><ref id="B8"><label>8.</label><citation-alternatives><mixed-citation xml:lang="en">Kim TH. Protective measures against COVID-19 and the rule of law on trial. Public Law. 2021;49(4):201–234. doi: 10.38176/PublicLaw.2021.06.49.4.201</mixed-citation><mixed-citation xml:lang="ru">Kim T.H. Protective measures against COVID-19 and the rule of law on trial // Public Law. 2021. Vol. 49, N 4. Р. 201–234. doi: 10.38176/PublicLaw.2021.06.49.4.201</mixed-citation></citation-alternatives></ref><ref id="B9"><label>9.</label><citation-alternatives><mixed-citation xml:lang="en">Busygina I, Filippov M. COVID and federal relations in Russia. Russian Politics. 2021;(6):279–300. doi: 10.30965/24518921-00603001</mixed-citation><mixed-citation xml:lang="ru">Busygina I., Filippov M. COVID and federal relations in Russia // Russian Politics. 2021. N 6. Р. 279–300. doi: 10.30965/24518921-00603001</mixed-citation></citation-alternatives></ref><ref id="B10"><label>10.</label><citation-alternatives><mixed-citation xml:lang="en">Makarychev A, Kuznetsova A, Goes M. The COVID biopolitics in Russia: Putin’s sovereignty versus regional governmentality. Czech J Int Relat. 2020;55(4):31–55. doi: 10.32422/mv-cjir.172</mixed-citation><mixed-citation xml:lang="ru">Makarychev A., Kuznetsova A., Goes M. The COVID biopolitics in Russia: Putin’s sovereignty versus regional governmentality // Czech J Int Relat. 2020. Vol. 55, N 4. Р. 31–55. doi: 10.32422/mv-cjir.172</mixed-citation></citation-alternatives></ref><ref id="B11"><label>11.</label><citation-alternatives><mixed-citation xml:lang="en">Guglielmo M. From COVID-19 or because COVID-19? J Card Surg. 2021;36(9):3317–3318. doi: 10.1111/jocs.15774</mixed-citation><mixed-citation xml:lang="ru">Guglielmo M. From COVID19 or because COVID19? // J Card Surg. 2021. Vol. 36, N 9. Р. 3317–3318. doi: 10.1111/jocs.15774</mixed-citation></citation-alternatives></ref><ref id="B12"><label>12.</label><citation-alternatives><mixed-citation xml:lang="en">Moulds S. Scrutinising COVID-19 laws: An early glimpse into the scrutiny work of federal parliamentary committees. Alternative Law J. 2020;45(3):1037969X2094699. doi: 10.1177/1037969X20946990</mixed-citation><mixed-citation xml:lang="ru">Moulds S. Scrutinising COVID-19 laws: An early glimpse into the scrutiny work of federal parliamentary committees // Alternative Law J. 2020. Vol. 45, N 3. Р. 1037969X2094699. doi: 10.1177/1037969X20946990</mixed-citation></citation-alternatives></ref></ref-list></back></article>
