Epidemiology and Infectious DiseasesEpidemiology and Infectious DiseasesЭпидемиология и инфекционные болезни3034-20073034-2015Eco-Vector10613410.17816/EID106134Original study articlesОригинальные исследованияResearch ArticleMonitoring of adverse events after immunization against a new coronavirus infection among young peopleМониторинг побочных проявлений после иммунизации против новой коронавирусной инфекции среди молодёжиhttps://orcid.org/0000-0001-5042-37396629-4401GabbasovaNataliya V.ГаббасоваНаталия Вадимовна
Russian Federation

MD, Dr. Sci. (Med.), Associate Professor

д.м.н., доцент

natalia_gabb@mail.ruhttps://orcid.org/0000-0002-6952-00187374-0575MamchikNikolay P.МамчикНиколай Петрович
Russian Federation

MD, Dr. Sci. (Med.), Professor

д.м.н., профессор

mamchik1949@yandex.ruhttps://orcid.org/0000-0001-6095-47602075-3944YatsenkoLiliya A.ЯценкоЛилия Александровна
Russian Federation

MD, Cand. Sci. (Med.)

к.м.н.

yatsenko.lili@yandex.ruhttps://orcid.org/0000-0003-3577-44397086-3528MazinaOlga L.МазинаОльга Леонидовна
Russian Federation

MD, Cand. Sci. (Biol.)

к.б.н.

olga_mazzina@mail.ruhttps://orcid.org/0000-0003-0247-54917705-3001KnyazevaVictoria A.КнязеваВиктория Александровна
Russian Federation

MD

vic.knz@mail.ruVoronezh State Medical University named after N.N. BurdenkoВоронежский государственный медицинский университет имени Н.Н. БурденкоVoronezh State Medical University named after N.N. BurdenkoВоронежский государственный медицинский университет имени Н.Н. Бурденко08062022150520212631041121004202206062022Copyright ©; 2021, Gabbasova N.V., Mamchik N.P., Yatsenko L.A., Mazina O.L., Knyazeva V.A.Copyright ©; 2021, Габбасова Н.В., Мамчик Н.П., Яценко Л.А., Мазина О.Л., Князева В.А.2021Gabbasova N.V., Mamchik N.P., Yatsenko L.A., Mazina O.L., Knyazeva V.A.Габбасова Н.В., Мамчик Н.П., Яценко Л.А., Мазина О.Л., Князева В.А.https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc-nd/4.0/https://rjeid.com/1560-9529/article/view/106134

BACKGROUND: To increase public confidence in vaccine prevention and to actually assess the safety of vaccines against COVID-19, it is necessary to study the frequency and structure of adverse events after immunization in the post-registration period of vaccine use.

AIM: To assess the frequency and structure of adverse events after immunization against COVID-19 among young people during the period of post-registration use of vaccines.

MATERIALS AND METHODS: A single center cross-sectional study was conducted based on a questioning of 333 respondents aged 18–25 years (76.88% female, 23.12% male). The questionnaire included 2 groups of questions: general and special (nature of post-vaccination reactions, history of COVID-19 disease before and after vaccination). Statistical processing of the results was carried out using standard Microsoft Office Excel 2016 software packages.

RESULTS: The most common complaints after vaccination were soreness at the injection site (57.66%), weakness (54.65%) and body aches (24.92%). There were local and general/combined (weak, moderate, strong) reactions, they were observed in 30.93% of respondents after 1 dose and 45.35% after 2 doses. In the structure of reactions after the first immunization, general weak reactions (15.32%, p=0.001) were significantly more common than others, after the second — local ones (21.92%, p <0.0001). A strong correlation was established between responses to the 1st and 2nd doses of the vaccine (r=0.94, p <0.0001). When studying the frequency and structure of post-vaccination reactions in sex groups and in those who had COVID-19 before vaccination and those who did not, no significant differences were found.

CONCLUSIONS: The study found that among young people, the majority did not have objective reactions after immunization against a new coronavirus infection. General weak and local reactions were more common among the objective post-vaccination reactions.

Обоснование. Для повышения доверия граждан к вакцинопрофилактике и для фактической оценки безопасности вакцин против COVID-19 необходимо изучение частоты и структуры побочных проявлений после иммунизации в пострегистрационный период применения вакцин.

Цель — оценить частоту возникновения и структуру побочных проявлений после иммунизации против COVID-19 среди молодёжи в период пострегистрационного применения вакцин.

Методы. Проведено одноцентровое поперечное выборочное исследование на основании анкетирования 333 респондентов в возрасте 18–25 лет (76,88% женщины, 23,12% мужчины). Анкета включала две группы вопросов: общие и специальные (характер поствакцинальных реакций, заболевание COVID-19 в анамнезе до и после вакцинации). Статистическая обработка результатов проведена стандартными пакетами программ Microsoft Office Excel 2016.

Результаты. Самыми частыми жалобами после вакцинации были болезненность в месте введения (57,66%), слабость (54,65%) и ломота в теле (24,92%). Различали местные и общие/комбинированные (слабые, средние, сильные) реакции, которые наблюдались у 30,93% респондентов после введения 1-й и у 45,35% — после 2-й дозы. В структуре реакций после 1-й иммунизации достоверно чаще других встречались общие слабые реакции (15,32%; р=0,001), после 2-й — местные (21,92%; р <0,0001). Установлена сильная корреляционная связь между реакциями на 1-ю и 2-ю дозы вакцины (r=0,94; р <0,0001). При изучении частоты и структуры поствакцинальных реакций в группах по полу и у переболевших COVID-19 до вакцинации и не болевших значимых различий не выявлено.

Заключение. Проведённое исследование установило, что среди молодежи большинство не имели объективных реакций после иммунизации против новой коронавирусной инфекции, среди объективных поствакцинальных реакций чаще других встречались общие слабые и местные реакции.

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