Разнообразие и эволюция трансляционных аппаратов митохондрий

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Аннотация

Эволюция митохондрий протекала независимо в разных эукариотических линиях, что отражается в многообразии митохондриальных геномов и механизмов их экспрессии, наблюдаемых у разных представителей эукариот. Митохондрии утратили подавляющее большинство генов своего бактериального предка, часть из которых была перенесена в ядро, а остальные - утрачены. Таким образом, в митохондриях практически всех эукариотических клеток сохранились сравнительно небольшие геномы, а также аппараты их репликации, транскрипции и трансляции. Зависимость от ядерного генома, особенности митохондриальных транскриптов, необходимость синтеза высокогидрофобных мембранных белков привели к тому, что аппарат митохондриальной трансляции, полученный от бактериального предка, претерпел ряд существенных изменений. Он сохранил базовую структуру, необходимую для осуществления синтеза белка, но стал более специализированным и лабильным. В данном обзоре мы рассматриваем изменения, произошедшие в процессе инициации митохондриальной трансляции, а также то, как эволюция митохондрий отразилась на функциях основных факторов инициации биосинтеза белка в этих органеллах.

Об авторах

М. В Балева

Московский государственный университет имени М.В. Ломоносова, биологический факультет

119234 Москва, Россия

У. Е Пиунова

Московский государственный университет имени М.В. Ломоносова, биологический факультет

119234 Москва, Россия

И. В Чичерин

Московский государственный университет имени М.В. Ломоносова, биологический факультет

119234 Москва, Россия

С. А Левицкий

Московский государственный университет имени М.В. Ломоносова, биологический факультет

119234 Москва, Россия

П. А Каменский

Московский государственный университет имени М.В. Ломоносова, биологический факультет

Email: piotr.kamenski@gmail.com
119234 Москва, Россия

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